首页 > 文献资料
-
CT分组定位诊断法在胃癌淋巴结转移中的临床应用
淋巴结转移是胃癌常见的转移方式,清扫与胃癌转移相关的淋巴结是胃癌根治术的主要内容.术前明确淋巴结转移的范围、程度对于选择合理的治疗方案具有非常重要的意义.
-
腹腔镜胃癌手术的临床研究进展
1994年日本Kitano[1]首次报道腹腔镜胃癌根治术治疗早期胃癌,由于其相对于传统的胃癌根治术,具有明显的微创优势,固而在国内外逐步得到了开展.早期胃癌腹腔镜手术经过10余年的发展,已被日本胃癌处理规约接受为标准治疗方案之一[2].随着腹腔镜胃癌手术技术的不断成熟,设备及器械的更新,早期胃癌腹腔镜手术良好的疗效促使了腹腔镜胃癌手术的指征从早期胃癌扩大到较早期的进展期胃癌.
-
胃癌的诊治现状和展望
胃癌死亡率在世界上仅次于肺癌、高居癌症病死率的第2位、是我国消化道恶性肿瘤第1位.除了日本有大规模的人群筛查外,其他国家多数胃癌患者就诊时,疾病已达进展期.患者的预后和生存与就诊时的肿瘤分期明显相关,但治疗的方式是否影响远期疗效仍还有争论.
-
To investigate the correlation among tumor angiogenesis, expressions of p53, nm23-I1, CD44v6, c-erbB-2 proteins and biological behavior and clinical outcome of gastric cancer. Methods: The intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) and expressions of p53, nm23-H1, CD44v6, c-erbB-2 were analyzed semiquantitively by immunohistochemical staining (S-P) of 59 paraffin-embedded gastric tumor specimens that were radically resected at the Department of surgery, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, between January 1990 and December 1992. The median follow-up period was 75 month (range: 60~96 months). The significdance of these indicators was analyzed retrospectively. Results: MVD for tumors with lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion was significantly higher than those without (P=0.0168 and 0.0176, respectively). The levels of p53, CD44v6, c-erbB-2 expression were significantly higher in the groups of lymph node metastasis, serosal infiltration and vascular invasion than in those without. All differences reached the statistically significant levels (P<0.01~<0.05). The low expression of nm23-H1 was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis, serosal infiltration and vascular invasion (P<0.01; <0.05 and <0.01, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that the overall survival of patients with higher MVD, or overexpressions of p53, CD44v6, c-erbB-2, or low expression of nm23-H1 were significantly worse than those with opposite conditions (P=0.0214, 0.0062, 0.0045, 0.0159, and 0.0162, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that expression of p53 in this series was an independent prognostic indicator. Conclusion: The data suggested that the above-mentioned factors might be helpful in evaluating the metastatic potential of gastric cancer and making more effective assessment of prognosis for individual patient. Further study with larger samples and prospective investigation of these results would be worthwhile.
-
To study the killing effect of suicide gene CD on mouse gastric cancer. Methods: CD gene was transduced with the retroviral vector. The killing effect and bystander effect of CD gene on mouse gastric cancer cell line MFC were observed. The mouse gastric cancer model was used for in vivo study. The CD gene containing virus was injected into the tumors. The volumes of the tumors in every group were measured in time. Results: Significant killing effect and bystander effect were observed by CD gene in vitro, 70~80% cell death resulting from 20% of CD gene transduction. In vivo, CD/5-Fc caused tumor to diminution. Conclusion: CD/5-Fc system has significant killing effect on mouse gastric cancer
-
胃癌药物治疗研究新进展
胃癌是全球常见的恶性肿瘤之一,在发达国家胃癌发病率下降,但死亡率下降不显著,居恶性肿瘤死因的第二位.在国内胃癌发病率与死亡率仍居首位.死亡率居高不降是由于早诊率低(Ⅰ期仅占10%),手术切除率低(根治切除占50%~65%),5年生存率低(总体生存率仅30%).外科手术彻底切除癌灶是胃癌治疗首选方法,提高手术技术及扩大清扫范围并未能显著提高5年生存率.胃癌与其他实体瘤均是病灶在器官局部有扩散转移行为的全身性疾病,针对局部与全身的抗癌药物治疗有重要的地位与作用,围手术药物起辅助治疗作用,对于局部进展转移期(晚期)胃癌药物治疗发挥主要作用.近年新化学药物治疗晚期胃癌研究已出现高潮,ASCO(2005)及CSCO(2005)年度会议上报告晚期胃癌论文含新药方案占到100%及91%.
-
两种胃癌分期系统的差别及临床应用探讨
胃癌在世界范围内是第二大常见肿瘤,在我国亦为消化道常见的恶性肿瘤之一,病死率居各种恶性肿瘤之首.目前,以外科手术为主的综合治疗方法是其主要的治疗手段,其建立及对预后的评估以胃癌的临床或病理分期为基础.目前国际上比较通用的胃癌分期系统有两种,包括国际抗癌联盟(International Union Against Cancer,UICC)的TNM分期系统和日本胃癌协会(Japanese Gastric Cancer Association,JGCA)的分期系统,这两者均是在不断地继承和革新中建立和完善起来的.
-
Objective. To construct ScFv and Fab from murine anti-gastric cancer monoclonal antibody( mAb)3H11. Methods. At first,3H11 ScFv and Fab were constructed with V genes PCR amplified by degenerate primers for FRI. The bacterial expressed 3H11 Ab fragments showed no antigen binding activity. Then, phage antibody library andrandom mutated library were constructed from 3H1 1 hybridoma cells and panning selection was performed. Again the i-dentification of positive clone was failed. Finally the N-terminal sequences of V regions were resumed to 3H1 1 original sequences by site-directed mutagenesis via PCR. Results. Binding activity to gastric cancer cells was detected only from N-terminal sequence corrected 3H11 ScFv and Fab,though the expression of the Ab fiagments was not affected. Correction of either VL or VH N-terminal se-quences could partially resume the antigen binding activity. Conclusion. Sequence changes of V region N terminal introduced by PCR may seriously affect antigen binding without affecting the expression of antibody.Received for publication Oct. 26,1998.
关键词: Gastric Cancer FAB ScFv PCR -
胃癌腹膜种植机制与外科治疗现状
胃癌的腹膜种植是仅次于淋巴道转移的远处播散方式,占总体胃癌病例的10%/~15%,占术后复发病例的33%~50%[1,3],其发生机制尚未完全明了,术前诊断率低,多数病例经术中探查或冰冻病理切片确诊,对该类患者的处理,尤其对P2、P3型腹膜种植及合并其他部位转移者,即使在胃肠外科医师之间也存在着不同看法.
-
多灶性萎缩性胃炎与胃癌
胃癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一,居恶性肿瘤死亡率首位.越来越多的证据表明萎缩性胃炎作为一种癌前状态,与胃癌的发生发展密切相关.萎缩性胃炎是指胃的固有腺体数目减少甚至消失,常伴有广泛的肠上皮化生(intestinal metaplasia,IM)和异型增生(dyspladsia).
-
胃癌手术的规范化
胃癌是常见的实体肿瘤.在实体肿瘤中,胃癌的淋巴结转移率高而血行转移率相对较低,如何对胃癌进行局部控制仍是胃癌治疗的一大难题.
-
Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of direct gastroscopy for detecting gastric cancer.Methods Clinical screening by direct gastroscopy was performed for gastric cancer (GC) from September 1985 to July 1998. 3048 elderly people were screened. Their age ranged from 60 to 93 years, and 2034 of the 3084 were followed up.Results Ninety-two patients with gastric cancer were discovered by gastroscopy, representing 3.02% of the screened population. The rate of early gastric cancer (EGC) was 63.04% (58/92) of all gastric cancers detected. The rate was up to 79.59% (39/49) on follow-up, and was 74.14% (43/51) in asymptomatic patients with gastric cancer. The excision rate was 88.89% for patients with gastric cancer, and 100% for patients with early gastric cancer. The 5-year survival rate was 91.89% for patients with gastric cancer, and 96.30% for patients with early gastric cancer. Conclusion Clinical screening and follow-up by direct gastroscopy in persons over 60 years of age are a safe and effective method for raising the 5-year survival and detection rate of gastric cancer, especially early gastric cancer.
-
强调规范化的综合治疗、提高胃癌的治疗效果
胃癌目前仍然是发病率和死亡率都很高的恶性肿瘤,2000年全球新诊断的胃癌患者约974 000例,因胃癌死亡者约734 000例,治疗效果仍然不理想.我国的情况也很相似,几十年来胃癌一直位于恶性肿瘤死亡原因的前列.
-
特殊内镜对早期胃癌的诊断价值
胃癌是世界第四大常见的恶性肿瘤,胃癌死亡占到了各种癌死亡原因的第二位.由于进展期胃癌的治疗预后较差,积极治疗早期胃癌(early gastric cancer,EGC) 可明显改善预后,因此正确识别并明确EGC的诊断是改善胃癌预后的关键.
-
胃癌侵袭和转移分子机制研究进展
胃癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一,占消化道恶性肿瘤第一位,癌细胞侵袭和转移是影响其疗效的主要原因.
-
胃癌外科的现状与发展趋势
胃癌是我国常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,外科手术仍然是胃癌治疗的主要手段.从Billroth医生第一例胃大部切除至今已有120余年[1],胃癌外科治疗从一般的胃大部切除术进入以清除淋巴结为目的的根治术;从解剖学为基础的手术走向以解剖学、肿瘤生物学及免疫学为基础的手术;从只重视手术的安全性到根治性、安全性及机能性统一;从只重视切除肿瘤到以切除原发肿瘤及受侵器官,彻底清除区域淋巴结及杀灭腹腔脱落癌细胞的外科治疗;从单一的手术进入以围手术期治疗加规范化手术的新的治疗模式[2].
-
胃癌药物治疗研究新进展
胃癌是全球常见的恶陛肿瘤之一,在发达国家胃癌发病率下降,但死亡率下降不显著,居恶性肿瘤死因的第二位.在国内胃癌发病率与死亡率仍居首位.死亡率居高不降是由于早诊率低(I期仅占10%,手术切除率低(根治切除占50%~65%),5年生存率低(总体生存率仅30%).外科手术彻底切除癌灶是胃癌治疗首选方法,提高手术技术及扩大清扫范围并未能显著提高5年生存率.
-
血清胃癌肿瘤标志物的临床价值
肿瘤标志物是指由恶性肿瘤细胞合成、分泌并释放入血和(或)体液中的生物活性物质,包括酶、激素、蛋白质、代谢产物等,其产生、变化与恶性肿瘤的生长扩散及发生发展密切相关.检测肿瘤标志物主要用途有:肿瘤筛选、辅助临床诊断、治疗后随访、复发检出、疗效评价及监测预后等.胃癌是消化道常见的恶性肿瘤之一,但因其症状的非特异性常被临床忽视而延误治疗,内窥镜等检查方法不适于普查,而肿瘤标志物的发现为胃癌的诊断带来希望,其中又以血清肿瘤标志物的检测较为便捷,且随着研究的不断深入,发现血清肿瘤标志物对于胃癌的诊断有着重要的临床意义.
-
胃癌术后饮食健康指导及化疗期间的护理
胃癌发病率高(10~150110万)、术后复发转移率高(>50%)、死亡率高(26万/年),是现今世界位居前列的疾病杀手之一,在确诊时,约50%胃癌患者肿瘤已无法切除,发生局部进展或转移.
-
胃癌的基因治疗研究
肿瘤从本质上说是一种多基因病,其发病涉及多阶段的基因事件,终导致正常细胞转变成肿瘤细胞.