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Objectives Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) may play an important role in host's immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. Tuberculosis) infection. This study was to investigate the association of TNF-α gene polymorphism with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) among patients with coal worker's pneumoconiusis (CWP). Methods A case-control study was conducted in 113 patients with confirmed CWP complicated with pulmonary TB and 113 non-TB controls with CWP. They were matched in gender, age, job, and stage of pneumoconiosis. All participants were interviewed with questionnaires and their blood specimens were collected for genetic determination with informed consent. The TNF-α gene polymorphism was determined with polymerase chain reaction of restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Frequency of genotypos was assessed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability. Factors influencing the association of individual susceptibility with pulmonary TB were evaluated with logistic regression analysis. Gene-environment interaction was evaluated by a multiplicative model with combined OR. All data were analyzed using SAS version 8.2 software. Results No significant difference in frequency of the TNF-α-308 genotype was found between CWP complicated with pulmonary TB and non-TB controls (2,2=5.44,P=0.07). But difference in frequency of the TNF-α-308 A allele was identified between them (X2=5.14, P=0.02). No significant difference in frequencies of the TNF-α-238 genotype and allele (P=0.23 and P=0.09, respectively) was found between cases and controls either, with combined (GG and AA) OR of 3.96 (95% confidence interval of 1.30~12.09) at the -308 locus of the TNF-α gene, as compared to combination of the TNF-α-238 GG and TNF-α-308 GG genotypes. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of the TNF-α-238 GG and TNF-α-308 GA genotypos was 1.98 (95% CI of 1.06~3.71) for risk for pulmonary TB in patients with CWP. There was a synergic interaction between the TNF-α-308 GG genotype and body mass index (OR=4.92), as well as an interaction between the TNF-α-308 GG genotype and history of BCG immunization or history of TB exposure. And, the interaction of the TNF-α-238 GG genotype and history of BCG immunization or TB exposure with risk for pulmonary TB in them was also indicated. Conclusions TNF-α-308 A allele is associated with an elevated risk for pulmnonary TB, whereas TNF-α-238 A allele was otherwise.
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分子影像——多学科交叉、渗透、相互促进和协调发展的结晶
分子影像学是分子生物学和活体影像学相结合产生的新型学科,是在不干扰机体的情况下对细胞功能及生物学行为进行图像的可视化研究[1].从Weissleder等[2]正式确立其概念以来,分子影像学强调活体、亚细胞水平对完整器官进行生物代谢过程的研究,其发展是工业、物理、化学、数学、计算机、生物化学、细胞生物学、分子生物学、免疫学、基础医学和临床医学、生物数学、生物信息学和影像学之间交叉渗透、相结合的产物,是各学科协调发展的结晶.
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激活蛋白1信号通路对肿瘤实质和间质相互作用的调控
肿瘤和正常组织的一个重要区别就是失控性生长,在这个过程中,转录因子的持续激活起着重要的作用.激活蛋白(AP)-1是转录因子中的一种,它参与调节机体内多种基因的表达,在正常组织的发育、增殖及肿瘤的发生、发展、浸润、转移中起重要作用[1].肿瘤的发生是肿瘤实质和其间质相互作用的结果,在这个相互作用中,AP-1信号通路控制着肿瘤的发展.
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International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM):strengthening Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) worldwide
Physiral and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) is the Medicine of Functioning in light of health conditions, under consideration of the person and in interaction with the environment[1-2].PRM focuses on the application of rehabilitation, the third health strategy which complements the preventive and curative health strategies.Thanks to the increasing survival of people after injury and formerly conditions as well as aging populations and an associated increase in chronic conditions, PRM as the leader of the rehabilitation will, over the next decades, assume an ever more important role in the health care systems worldwide.
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脂氧素A4对急性坏死性胰腺炎大鼠肝损伤的保护作用
脂氧素( lipoxins,LX)即脂加氧酶相互作用的产物(lipoxygenases interaction product),是二十烷家族中花生四烯酸一类的代谢产物.其中LXA4是花生四烯酸脂加氧酶代谢产物,系体内重要的内源性促炎症消退介质.近年来研究发现LXA4及其稳定类似物对多种炎症细胞和炎症相关基因有显著的负性调节作用,是炎症反应的重要"刹车信号"或"停止信号"[1-2].本研究探讨LXA4类似物(lipoxin A4 methyl ester,LXA4-ME)对急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)大鼠肝损伤的保护作用,为临床重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)的治疗探索新的策略.
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基质交感分子1与心血管疾病
近年来,高血压、冠心病等心血管疾病的发病率逐年增高,由于其发病机制复杂,病理生理过程仍不完全清楚,目前以离子通道研究心血管疾病的发生较多.新近研究发现基质交感分子(stromal interaction molecule,STIM)1作为钙库操纵性钙通道(store-operated channels, SOC)的感受器,通过调控钙离子内流,影响细胞的增殖、迁移、分化等生物学行为,参与心血管系统疾病的发生发展,有可能成为一个新的潜在的治疗靶点.本文结合国内外研究现状,对STIM1在心血管疾病中的研究进展作一综述.
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Fragile X-related protein 1 (FXR1P) is a member of the FXR gene family, which also includes fragile X mental retardation protein and fragile X-related protein 2 (FXR2P). To understand the functions of FXR1P, we screened FXR1P-interacting proteins using a yeast two-hybrid system. FXR1P was fused to pGBKT7 and used as the bait to screen a human fetal brain cDNA library. This screening revealed 10 FXR1P-interacting proteins including FTH1. FTH1 encodes Homo sapiens ferritin,heavy polypeptide 1. The interaction between FXR1P and FTH1 was confirmed by retesting in yeast using both a β-galactosidase assay and growth studies on selective media. A co-immunoprecipitation assay in mammalian cells further confirmed the FXR1P/FTH1 interaction.Moreover, the results revealed that FTH1 colocalized with FXR1P in the cytoplasm around the nucleus in mammalian cells. The present findings suggest that FXR1P plays an important role in iron metabolism in the brain by interacting with FTH1. This provides clues for elucidating the relationship between FXR1P function and fragile X syndrome.
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加强方法互补和相关学科联系提升细胞形态学检验诊断水平
分子生物学等新技术的应用,更新了人们对疾病发病机制的认识,促进了人们对疾病诊断思维的转变.为了适应时代的发展,我们需要加强细胞形态学方法(尤其是同层次方法)互补价值的研讨,加强同其他学科知识的联系和新时期下形态学的研究,进一步提升细胞形态学检验诊断的水平.
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高度重视风湿免疫科常用药物与其他药物的相互作用
药物相互作用(drug-drug interaction,DDI)是一种药物对另一种药物在体内的效应产生影响,或两者之间的相互影响,发生药效学或者药动学的改变,导致不良的、甚至致命的不良反应.目前国内外对DDI的发生率缺乏相应报道,而笔者在临床实践中发现药物滥用的现象普遍,DDI发生率较高.风湿性疾病是一类累及全身多系统多脏器的慢性疾病,患者需长期使用激素、免疫抑制剂、生物制剂等药物,易并发普通细菌、结核、真菌或病毒感染,且易发生多种合并症,这些特点决定了风湿性疾病的治疗常需要联合用药或复方用药,而这也使得发生不良DDI的危险性显著增加.
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阴阳相互作用研究的细胞力学模型和方法
在科学研究活动中,科学家们常常基于复杂的研究对象建立一种抽象、简化和可模拟的模型,随着数学和数学方法的发展及其在不同学科中的广泛应用,这已经成为一种普适而有效的研究方法.令人感兴趣的是,我们发现,这种方法并非是现代或源于西方的科学所独有的特征,也并非只是现代或源于西方的科学所发明,在传统或源于中国的中医药学中,也浸透了同样的思维并采用了同样的研究方法,这就是关于阴阳和阴阳相互作用的学说.借助于中国占典哲学思想,中医药学把生命的生理和病理活动具象整合和简化模拟成一个由阴阳门类及其相互作用H的系统,并把中医药学的全部理论和临正的诊断及治疗技术建立在这样一个模型的基础之上.把无与伦比复杂的生命运动具象整合和简化模拟为阴阳的相对运动和相互作用是中医药学的一大发明.
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乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白与宿主细胞浆内蛋白质相互作用的研究
乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的基因组结构紧凑,含有S、C、P、X 4个部分重叠的开放阅读框(ORF),其中小的开放阅读框是X基因,位于第1374~1836位核苷酸之间,编码的蛋白即HBx蛋白.HBx是一种功能复杂的蛋白,不仅存在于细胞核.也存在于细胞浆中.在细胞核中,HBx并不与双链DNA直接结-合,而是与转录因子和基本转录元件相互作用.介导转录起始复合物的形成,调节转录激活子的合成.目前研究发现,尽管在细胞核内存在HBx蛋白,但HBx蛋白的表达主要集中在细胞浆内.细胞浆中,HBx与多种蛋白质相互作用,影响HBV转录与复制及宿主细胞基因的转录、增殖、转化与凋亡等.
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糖尿病与肝硬化相互影响
肝脏在人体能量稳态和糖代谢中起重要作用,胃肠道吸收的糖30%~60%经肝脏处理并转化为糖原或氨基酸、脂肪酸,肝脏又是胰岛素作用的一个重要靶器官.肝脏的重要生理作用将肝病和糖尿病紧密联系在了一起.肝病相关的血糖代谢异常被称为肝源性糖尿病.
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DNA甲基化与microRNA相互作用的研究进展
表观遗传修饰是一种遗传外的调控机制,包括DNA甲基化(DNA methylation)、基因组印迹(genomic imprinting)、染色体修饰(chromosome modification)、组蛋白修饰(histone modification )及microRNA(miRNA)调控状态(microRNA regulation)等方式.DNA甲基化和miRNA作为重要的表观遗传学调控机制,在不同水平调控基因表达,不仅参与机体正常生长发育的调节,而且影响肿瘤发生、发展和转移的过程.
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PINCH-1和整合素连接激酶的相互作用对人肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响
肾小管上皮细胞间充质细胞转化(EMT)是肾间质纤维化发生发展的核心环节之一[1].转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)具有较强的促EMT作用[2].整合素莲接激酶(ILK) 是TGF-β1诱导EMT过程中的一个关健的调节因子[3],介导细胞与细胞外基质(ECM)间的作用;也是与PINCH-1(particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine rich protein-1)有相互作用的锚定蛋白[4].
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Study on the interaction between polymorphisms of FOXO3A gene and environmental factors in longevity at Bama county,Guangxi province
Objective:To study the interaction between the polymorphisms of FOXO3A and the environmental factors in the longevity district of Bama county.Methods:Using Taqmaq probe,genotyping of FOXO3A gene was performed for 200 longevous elderly (aged 90-110)and 288 healthy controls (aged 48-89).The interaction between the polymorphisms of gene and environmental factors were analyzed by using conditional logistic regression.Results:Minor allele frequencies (MAF)of five known SNPs in FOXO3A gene were higher in cases than in controls (P<0.05).There was a positive interction between minority alleles of rs2764264 in FOXO3A gene and the environment factors in the longevity district(OR=1 1.08,γ=1.075).Conclusion:Five SNPs of FOXO3A gene would be closely correlated with human longevity in Bama.The interaction between the polymorphisms of FOXO3A genes rs2764264 and the environment factors in the longevity district had synergy to longevity.The longevity phenomenon in Bama probably was the result of the interaction between gene and environmental factors.
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Strategies to Target Pleiotropic Signaling of Human Prostate Cancer
Tumor stroma interaction in the primary tumor and at distant sites is the emphasis of our research program. In this presentation, I will discuss our recent discoveries: 1) β2-Microglobulin (β2-M), a novel growth factor and pleiotropic signaling molecule regulating prostate cancer cell growth, sur-vival, angiogenesis and metastasis;