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AFP及GP73的联合检测与肝细胞癌早期诊断和复发监测
IntroductionHepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide,with an increasing incidence in the United States and Europe, and the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide[1-2] .Based on the GLOBOCAN 2008 estimates, about 748 300 new liver cancer cases and 695 900 cancer deaths occurred worldwide in 2008 ,collected and made available by the World Health Organization ( WHO) [3].
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人工髋关节置换术的现状与热点
人工髋关节置换术近年来在许多方面都取得了长足的进展,也出现了一些备受关注的热点问题。在髋关节负重界面方面,高交联聚乙烯材料的改进使得陶瓷对高交联聚乙烯成为具有表现优异的负重面组合,陶瓷对陶瓷界面的碎裂风险随着新型复合陶瓷的出现也得到了大限度的降低,成为年轻患者负重界面的优选方案。金属对金属界面因存在不良软组织反应等潜在风险而引起了极大的关注,而金属锥部腐蚀这一问题更是成为近期瞩目的焦点,值得进一步深入研究。快速通道关节外科的迅速发展使得各种微创入路全髋关节置换手术再次赢得重视,但必须看到不可避免的学习曲线问题和微创技术本身可能存在的技术上的风险。在髋关节假体周围感染方面,目前的研究热点主要集中在感染的及时正确诊断和感染的积极预防上,多种新的诊断方法和具有抗菌或抑菌作用的新材料正被尝试用于感染的诊断和预防。各种高度多孔金属材料的临床应用改变了以往对于严重骨缺损的重建方法,为髋关节翻修带来了极大的便利。
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Early diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is important for the successful treatment of diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we recruited 500 diabetic patients from the Fourth Afifl-iated Hospital of Kunming Medical University in China from June 2008 to September 2013: 221 cases showed symptoms of peripheral neuropathy (symptomatic group) and 279 cases had no symptoms of peripheral impairment (asymptomatic group). One hundred healthy control sub-jects were also recruited. Nerve conduction studies revealed that distal motor latency was longer, sensory nerve conduction velocity was slower, and sensory nerve action potential and amplitude of compound muscle action potential were signiifcantly lower in the median, ulnar, posterior tibial and common peroneal nerve in the diabetic groups compared with control subjects. More-over, the alterations were more obvious in patients with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. Of the 500 diabetic patients, neural conduction abnormalities were detected in 358 cases (71.6%), among which impairment of the common peroneal nerve was most prominent. Sensory nerve abnormality was more obvious than motor nerve abnormality in the diabetic groups. The ampli-tude of sensory nerve action potential was the most sensitive measure of peripheral neuropathy. Our results reveal that varying degrees of nerve conduction changes are present in the early, as-ymptomatic stage of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
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重视糖尿病周围神经病的早期诊断和防治
糖尿病周围神经病(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN)是糖尿病常见的慢性并发症,其发病率高达60%~90%.DPN主要表现为四肢末端手套袜套样分布区域的麻木、疼痛及感觉异常,严重影响患者的生活质量.
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迎接"世界肾脏日":重视慢性肾脏病的早期诊断与防治
近,国际肾脏病学会(International Society of Nephrology,ISN)和国际肾脏基金会联盟(International Federation of Kidney Foundations,IFKF)联合倡议,将每年3月份的第2个星期四定为"世界肾脏日"(World Kidney Day),第一个"世界肾脏日"就在今年3月9日.开展"世界肾脏日"活动,是为了促使各国政府、医务人员及广大民众充分重视慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney diseases, CKD),了解其危害,加强防治[1].
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Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal malignant gynecological tumors. More than 70%of patients with ovarian cancer are diagnosed at advanced stage. The 5-year survival in patients with advanced ovarian cancer is less than 30%because of the lack of effective biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment. MicroRNA (miR) is a class of small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression primarily through post-transcriptional repression. Many studies on tissue miR in ovarian cancer have been carried out and show great potential in clinical practice. However, tissue samples are not easily available because sampling causes injury. Researchers have started to focus on plasma/serum miR, assuming that blood samples may replace tissue samples in miR research in the future. Plasma/serum miR research is still in its early stages. Studies on its function in the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer have achieved some progress, but plasma/serum miR profiling for prognosis and personalized treatment of ovarian cancer remains unknown. A thorough understanding of the function of plasma/serum miR in ovarian cancer will facilitate early diagnosis and improve treatment for ovarian cancer.
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流行性出血热1333例临床分析
本文报告了流行性出血热患者的临床特征、常规检验数据、异形淋巴细胞比率、免疫检查结果以及本病各期的血液流变学、血气分析、放射性核素肾图和甲皱微循环的变化规律,分析了死亡原因和影响预后的因素.1,333例中,死亡55例,病死率4.12%,其中1983~1984年病死率降至1.85%.主要治疗体会是抓"三早"、把"三关",早期定度抓重点,各种手段齐监测,预防(性)治疗是关键;针对各期特点采用扩、扩、稳、平的治疗原则.
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STIP1,HE4and CA125diagnostic performances for ovarian cancer
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24例小儿神经母细胞瘤死亡分析
本文对24例小儿神经母细胞瘤作了分析,指出了影响预后的重要因素,分析造成早期诊断困难的原因,作者认为除了小便VMA和骨骼穿刺可作为常规检查外,还推荐作~(99m)Tc-MDP全身骨骼扫描,有助于早期诊断.
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婴儿颅内血肿的早期诊断和手术治疗(附3例报告)
本文报道3例婴儿颅内血肿,均早期作出诊断,皆施行开颅术,手术获得成功.文中对婴儿颅内出血的原因、诊断和手术问题进行了分析和讨论.
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31例小儿椎管内肿瘤的手术治疗
本文报道小儿椎管内肿瘤31例,病理改变以胚胎残余组织为主,累及节段胸、腰椎管者占85%.并就临床及X线表现、手术方式及手术时机等进行了讨论.
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小儿原发性骨肿瘤及瘤样病变160例分析
骨肿瘤在小儿临床上并非少见,我院自1960~1984年共见到小儿原发性骨肿瘤及瘤样病变277例,其中160例得到组织学确认.本文通过对此160例的分析,总结原发性骨肿瘤在小儿时期的某些特点.
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婴儿脑积水的诊断及分流术治疗
脑积水并非婴儿期的罕见病,但由于未能及早诊断,给予有效的治疗,长期以来预后欠佳.电子计算机轴层扫描(CT)为早期诊断提供了技术帮助,硅胶管脑积水分流装置为有效治疗创造了条件.现将我院1984年一年内收治的12例脑积水患儿的临床资料作一小结.
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先天性横膈疝疗效观察
先天性横膈疝是新生儿常见的呼吸急症之一,严重地威胁着患儿的生命.其发病率一般统计为1:8,000~10,000次活产.由于围产医学的发展,文献中报导此病的诊断率已有明显提高,使生后24小时以内的手术率高达90%,总病死率却由原来的25%上升至35%.
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小儿原发性肝癌
小儿原发性肝癌在儿童期恶性肿瘤中的比率,尽管各家统计不一,但大同小异.不少人赞成小儿原发性肝癌,居该年龄期腹部恶性肿瘤的第三位.仅次子Wilms瘤和神经母细胞瘤.
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儿童脊柱结核早期诊断误诊原因分析(附184例报告)
我院小儿外科自1966年到1984年间收治儿童脊柱结核184例.本文仅就误诊原因、早期诊断以及治疗效果的关系报告如下:
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儿童脊柱结核早期诊断误诊原因分析(附184例报告)
我院小儿外科自1966年到1984年间收治儿童脊柱结核184例.本文仅就误诊原因、早期诊断以及治疗效果的关系报告如下:
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Objective:To discuss the clinical value of Serum TSH combined with 3 kinds of VEGF (VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3) determination in the early diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Method:Selected 37 cases of patients with thyroid benign tumor (Benign group) and 37 cases of patients with PTC (PTC group), then collected the serum of these both groups, to determine the TSH, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 levels of all cases by chemiluminescence immunoassay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay respectively. Through Logistic model, to calculate the curve area of TSH combined with 3 kinds of VEGF.Results:PTC group: VEGF-C, VEGFR-3 and TSH levels were obviously higher than that in Benign group (P<0.05); and VEGF-C, VEGFR-3 and TSH levels inⅢ-Ⅳ period patients were obviously higher than that in I-Ⅱ period patients (P<0.05); AUC area of VEGF-C, VEGFR-3 and TSH were respectively 0.805, 0.736 and 0.710, reached to significance level (P<0.05); AUC area of combined diagnosis was 0.859.Conclusion:VEGF-C, VEGFR-3 and TSH between papillary thyroid carcinoma and thyroid benign tumor had significant difference. Combined determination could improve the early diagnose rate of PTC, and could be regarded as one of the important auxiliary index of PTC early diagnosis.