首页 > 文献资料
-
阴茎折断的诊断与治疗
目的 探讨阴茎折断的诊断和治疗方法 .方法 回顾性分析1993年7月至2008年1月泌尿外科收治的12例阴茎折断患者临床资料.患者年龄17~46岁,平均31岁;其中11例由性交失误引起,1例因手淫时自行按压勃起阴茎所致;均有典型的临床表现:可闻及阴茎折断的响声,局部疼痛,阴茎疲软继之瘀血肿胀,远端弯向健侧,皮肤青紫,有2例瘀血范围至阴囊,均无排尿困难及血尿.1例行阴茎海绵体造影,11例行彩色多普勒超声检查.发病至手术时间6~72 h,平均16 h;11例急诊行"阴茎海绵体白膜修补术";1例手淫损伤者拒绝手术治疗而采取保守治疗.结果 11例手术患者均证实术前阴茎海绵体造影、彩色多普勒超声检查结果 ,均为单侧海绵体白膜破裂.随访3月~14年,12例患者均能勃起,无排尿困难.11例手术患者阴茎勃起正常,无疼痛、阴茎弯曲及阴茎硬结等并发症,性生活满意;1例保守治疗患者阴茎勃起时向下弯曲,无法完成性交.结论 阴茎折断是少见病,借助临床病史、体检可诊断本病,彩色多普勒超声检查可明确损伤部位、大小,急诊手术治疗效果良好,不提倡保守治疗.
-
肝门胆管癌的超声影像学诊断
0引言肝门胆管癌是发生在肝总管和左右肝管汇合处及其近侧上1/3段的恶性肿瘤,其发生率在胆管癌中高占40-76%[1].鉴于其预后、手术方式及术前影像学诊断与中下1/3段胆管癌不尽相同,应用灰阶和彩色多普勒超声检查(gray-scale and color doppler ultrasonography以下简称U/S)对肝门胆管癌作出评价[2-21].
-
Levovist注入胆管联合彩色多普勒超声成像可提高胆道狭窄病人术中冰冻切片的诊断率
远端胆管狭窄的病人通常伴有狭窄部周围病变,只有通过术中超声的引导才获得足够的活检组织以确保正确的诊断.该研究将超声造影剂Levovist注入胆总管,利用超声激发声发射成像技术(SAE),经术中彩色多普勒超声引导下行胰腺组织活检(CDUS-IPB).
-
经直肠彩色多普勒超声诊断前列腺癌的特点
前列腺是位于膀胱下方的一个栗子状的腺体,有尿道从中间通过.它分泌的液体是精子的营养液,也是精液的组成部分.前列腺癌约占泌尿生殖系统肿瘤的4%,在男性高龄老人中较常见,多发生于前列腺后叶,潜伏性缓慢生长,因此肿瘤很小时无任何临床表现.而良性的前列腺肿大和前列腺炎产生的症状和癌症相似.当肿瘤增大到一定程度,压迫尿道导致排尿费力时,又往往与前列腺肥大引起的排尿困难等表现相混淆.这就使得疾病不易鉴别,患者不能及时就医,从而延误了疾病的早期发现和治疗,不但影响患者的性功能,而且失去了佳根治时机.
-
移植肾动脉狭窄的彩色多普勒超声诊断
移植肾动脉狭窄(transplant renal artery stenosis,TRAS)是肾移植术后的常见并发症,能够导致药物难以控制性高血压和(或)肾功能损害.可能诱发的因素为修补时肾动脉损伤、动脉弯曲、吻合技术不佳、排异反应、供体肾动脉或受体髂动脉粥样硬化[1,2].随着血管介入治疗技术的迅速发展,TRAS能够用血管成形术矫正,因而采用无创性检查方法诊断需要介入治疗的TRAS尤为重要.1983年Reinitz等[3]首次应用多普勒技术成功地诊断TRAS.20年来,许多作者对TRAS的多普勒超声诊断进行了有益的探索,取得了令人可喜的成绩.近几年来,国内也有数篇报道[4-6] 涉及TRAS的彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)诊断.
-
彩超诊断主动脉右冠窦瘤破裂1例
患者女,34岁,因劳力性呼吸困难2 a就诊,临床拟诊"风湿性心脏病、二尖瓣狭窄并关闭不全",申请彩超检查.彩超示:左心室扩大(短径54 mm),主动脉右冠窦明显扩张,并呈囊袋状突向右室,窦瘤壁菲薄,顶端见一破口,约5 mm(见图1).彩色多普勒于窦瘤破口处可见以舒张期为主的五彩血流(见图2),持续于整个心动周期.连续多普勒测得窦瘤破口处双期正向大分流速度为559 mm/s,大分流压差为125 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).
-
颈动脉体瘤超声表现1例报告
患者,女,31岁,自觉左颈部包块就诊.彩色多普勒超声检查:左侧颈部颈总动脉分叉处见一大小约2.6cm×2.3cm低回声团块,致颈内、外动脉间距增宽,团块形态较规则,边界清晰,内部回声不均质,中央可见管状暗区,管腔内未见异常回声充填.彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)示:团块内见丰富的血流信号,探及低速低阻动脉频谱(见图1).中央见颈外动脉穿行,管腔血流充盈良好,血流频谱未见异常(见图2).超声提示:左颈部(颈总动脉分叉处)实性占位性病变,颈动脉体瘤可能.后经上级医院手术病理诊断为颈动脉体化学感受器瘤.
-
彩色多普勒超声诊断纵隔子宫中期妊娠并胎儿室间隔缺损1例
孕妇25岁,孕1,产0.孕20周行常规超声检查.超声检查子宫底水平横切面显示子宫内中部中隔回声较肌层稍低,胎盘呈"C"字形附着于子宫左侧子宫腔前壁、纵隔左侧面及左侧子宫腔后壁,少部分胎盘附着于右侧子宫腔后壁.胎儿位于左侧子宫腔,胎儿颜面、双肾、肝、脾、胃泡、膀胱及四肢正常.胎儿心脏二维超声显示室间隔上部回声中断,缺损大小约2mm.彩色多普勒及频谱多普勒超声可显示穿隔血流及分流频谱.
-
亚急性甲状腺炎42例的彩色多普勒诊断及鉴别
亚急性甲状腺炎(亚甲炎)约占甲状腺疾病的4%左右[1],近年来发病率有明显上升趋势,本文就我院在2005年1月至2009年4月间应用彩色多普勒超声诊断的42例亚急性甲状腺炎进行回顾性分析,旨在探讨彩色多普勒超声对亚急性甲状腺炎的诊断及鉴别诊断的临床应用价值.
-
彩色多普勒超声在肝移植术后血管并发症诊断中的应用
自1963年Starzl实施首例肝移植手术以来,人体肝移植已在世界范围内广泛开展.然而肝移植术后多种血管并发症的发生,仍是影响患者生存及移植肝存活的重要因素.彩色多普勒超声(简称彩超)因其无创、便捷、实时、准确,尤其能观测血管及血流动力学参数的优越性,已成为肝移植术后不可缺少的检查手段.本文就彩超在肝移植术后血管并发症诊断中的应用价值作一综述.
-
经阴道彩色多普勒超声在妇产科的应用近况
经阴道彩色多普勒超声(transvagina color Doppler ultrasonography,TVCDS)属腔内超声,探头直接放入阴道内,紧贴阴道穹窿及宫颈,声束经阴道穹窿进入,不需充盈膀胱,不受肥胖影响,避免肠道气体干扰,且盆腔脏器处于近场范围,图像清晰,分辨率高,故在妇产科应用越来越广泛.
-
用彩色多普勒超声法研究西地那非不响应和响应者的不同血液动力学反应
Aim:To determine if there are different penile hemodynamic patterns between sildenafil non-responders and responders by using color Doppler ultrasonography. Methods: A total of 69 erectile dysfunction (ED) patients aged 22-79 years were enrolled into the present study. Thirty-eight (55.1%) men with ED who did not respond to four attempts of treatment with 100 mg sildenafil after re-education were classified as sildenafil non-responders. A combination of three vasodilator drugs, 1.25 mg papaverine, 0.4 mg phentolamine and 5 μg prostaglandin El, was given by intracavernous injection before penile Doppler ultrasonography was carried out. The erectile response to intracavernous injection and vascular parameters including peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistance index (RI), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and cavernosa artery diameter (CD) were measured and the results between sildenafil nonresponders and responders were compared. Results: No statistical difference in vascular parameters measured by Doppler ultrasonography studies between non-responders and responders was noted. Sildenafil non-responders had a poorer penile rigidity response to intracavernous injection than responders (P < 0.05). Among patients with adequate PSV (≥ 30 cm/s) and abnormal EDV (> 5 cm/s), individuals in the non-responder group had fewer positive responses to intracavernous vasodilator injection than in the responder group (35.3% vs. 72.2%, P < 0.05). Advanced age and comorbidity with diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with sildenafil non-response (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Sildenafil non-responders were characterized by a poorer penile rigidity response to intracavernous injection and had an associated impaired veno-occlusive mechanism. Advanced age and comorbidity with diabetes mellitus were two common factors associated with non-response.
-
彩色多普勒超声测定腹膜厚度在评估腹膜硬化中的意义
应用彩色多普勒超声(彩超)检测腹膜厚度,了解腹膜状态及硬化程度的报道甚少.我们对15例腹膜透析(PD)患者进行彩超检测腹膜厚度并分析如下.