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骨髓微环境与肿瘤转移的关系
侵袭和转移是恶性肿瘤致患者死亡的主要原因.肿瘤的侵袭和转移是复杂多步骤的肿瘤细胞与宿主相互作用的连续过程,包括肿瘤细胞侵袭周围组织、从原发灶脱离进入循环系统、逃避免疫监视以及在远隔器官形成与原发瘤同样类型的转移灶[1].既往的研究大多是从肿瘤细胞本身的侵袭性来研究肿瘤转移,近年来肿瘤微环境在肿瘤转移中的作用越来越受到重视,尤其发现了骨髓与肿瘤转移关系密切.
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上皮间质转化机制及其与肿瘤浸润转移关系的进展
上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transitions,EMT)是指在胚胎发育过程中,上皮细胞通过一系列改变,转分化成间叶表型的细胞.有证据显示,EMT由宿主微环境诱导,经多条信号转导途径,受控于细胞内不同的转录因子,在多细胞生物体胚胎发育过程中促进细胞运动和新的组织类型生成,是一种进化上高度保守的重要机制;
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骨髓活检与骨髓穿刺在骨髓转移瘤诊断中的比较
虽然骨髓检查已经用来评价非血液系统肿瘤患者的分期~([1-4]),但采用大样本、随机化的骨髓检查来分析非血液系统肿瘤骨髓累及情况的报道并不多~[5].
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抑制肿瘤转移的研究进展
肿瘤转移是一个多阶段、多因素参与的过程.近年来分子生物学的成就极大地推动了肿瘤转移在分子水平上的研究,对肿瘤细胞和机体之间存在的转移与抑制转移的关系有了进一步的认识,同时人工干预抑制肿瘤转移也取得初步成效.现对肿瘤转移抑制方面综述如下.
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乳腺癌患者循环肿瘤细胞的检测及其临床应用
肿瘤转移是乳腺癌治疗失败的主要原因之一.肿瘤细胞进入外周血是发生远处转移的前提,早在1896年,Ashworth在1例因癌症死亡的患者外周血中发现了类似肿瘤的细胞,并首次提出了循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cell,CTC)的概念.进入循环未被清除的肿瘤细胞可相互聚集形成微小癌栓,并在一定条件下发展为转移灶.越来越多的学者开始关注循环肿瘤细胞方面的研究,近年来,有关乳腺癌患者CTC检测及其临床应用的研究已取得了长足的进展.
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血管内皮生长因子,基质金属蛋白酶-2与肿瘤转移
肿瘤的浸润和转移是恶性肿瘤基本的特征,是造成肿瘤患者死亡的主要原因.对其机制的深入了解,可以引导探索新的防治措施.目前认为,调节血管生成的生长因子--血管内皮生长因子[1](Vascularendothel,ial growth factor,VEGF)的高水平表达与肿瘤形成、生长和转移密切相关[2,3].VEGF直接调节内皮细胞分裂增殖,是高度特异的血管内皮细胞有丝分裂素,直接参与诱导肿瘤的血管生成[4].VEGF还诱导内皮细胞表达粘附分子[5],促进血管生长.
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INTRODUCTIONS Cell adhesion is crucial to many pathophysiological processes, such as inflammatory reaction and tumor metastasis. It is mediated by specific interactions between receptors and ligands, and provides the physical linkages among cells. For example, interactions between selectins and glycoconjugate ligands mediate leukocyte initially tethering to and subsequently rolling on vascular surfaces in sites of inflammation or injury, which is determined by their fast kinetic rates. To mediate cell adhesion, the interacting receptors and ligands must anchor to apposing surfaces of two cells or a cell and the substratum, i.e. , the so-called two-dimensional (2D) binding, which differs from interactions in the fluid phase, i.e. , the three-dimensional (3D) binding. How structural variations and surface environments of interacting molecules affect their 2D kinetics, and how external forces manipulate their dissociation has little been known quantitatively, and nowadays attracts more and more attentions.
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Multifucntional Nanoparticles for Detection and Treatment of Tumor Metastasis
Nanotechnology is opening new fields in oncology research by generating new paradigms in cancer detection and effective therapy.
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Predictive Value of Biomarkers Related to Tumor Metastasis in the Patients with Gastric Cancer
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肿瘤干细胞与肿瘤转移
肿瘤转移意味着病情恶化,它使治疗变得更加困难,是晚期癌症不能手术根治的主要原因,也是影响肿瘤患者生存期的首要因素,已成为肿瘤研究领域的热点和难点.
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托吡酯对Lewis肺癌转移的抑制作用与水通道蛋白1的关系
AIM: To study the effect of topiramate on tumor metastasis and its relation with aquaporin 1 (AQP1) water channel. METHODS: Lewis lung carcinoma metastatic model was used to determine the effect of topiramate on tumor growth and metastasis. Colorimetric estimation was used to investigate the action of topiramate on carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity. Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis were used to study the influence of topiramate on AQP1 water channel expression in lungs or tumor tissues of mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma.cantly (P<0.05). Its inhibitory rate of metastasis was 81.25 %. Topiramate inhibited CA activity in lungs of mice in a dose-dependent manner. Topiramate apparently decreased AQP1 protein expression and immunostaining in lungs or in tumor microvessel endothelial cells of mice. CONCLUSION: Suppression of AQP1 water channel expression may be an important pathway for the inhibitory effect of topiramate on tumor metastasis.