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To study the therapeutic effect of Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) in treating ascites and to elucidate its mechanism in regulating the lymphatic stomata and promoting the absorption of ascites from the peritoneal cavity. Methods: Using scanning electron microscope (SEM), computerized image processing and quantitative analytic assay, the effect of CHM extract, consisting of Atractylodes macrocephala, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Codonopsis pilosula, Alismatis orientale and Leonurus heterophyllus, was studied. Results: Intraperitoneal injection of nitric oxide (NO) supplier (Sodium nitroprussiate) or CHM administration could cause the average area of lymphatic stomata obviously enlarged (P<0.05), and the numbers of opening stomata significantly increased (P<0.01) in normal healthy mice. When L-notroarginine, a NO synthetase suppressor, was injected after CHM administration, the regulating effect of CHM on lymphatic stomata was inverted obviously, i.e. the average area and the density of lymphatic stomata were markedly reduced (P<0.01). Conclusion: CHM might treat ascites through increasing the endogenous NO concentration to open the lymphatic stomata and in turn to conduct the peritoneal water through lymphatic path.
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中药煎剂不良反应回顾与分析
随着中药药理研究的深入和中药新剂型的研制,中药的临床应用日益广泛,中药引起的不良反应也逐渐增多并引起关注.笔者将1960~2000年国内医药学期刊报道的中药煎剂不良反应病例进行分析综述.
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中药多糖抗肿瘤免疫药理研究的新思路--对树突状细胞的影响
机体内存在多种免疫监视机制发挥着抗肿瘤作用,而免疫活性细胞致敏、激活和扩增又依赖于抗原提呈细胞(antigen-presenting cell, APC)提呈相应的抗原多肽以及共刺激信号.树突状细胞(dentritic cell, DC)被确认为是目前发现的功能强的APC,它能摄取各类抗原,在机体细胞免疫和体液免疫调控中均起着重要作用.
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中药多糖防治肿瘤的研究进展
20世纪以来,生物化学的后一个巨大前沿"糖生物学"时代正在来临,伴随1990年1月E-选择素与四聚糖唾液酸路易斯X(slex)的发现,糖药物研究领域发生了一场大竞赛,因其具有广阔的临床应用前景,受到发达国家的广泛关注.特别是中草药来源的多糖,由于资源充足,成本相对低廉,应用于临床抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗感染等方面取得了良好疗效,尤其在抗肿瘤、提高机体免疫力方面疗效明确,大量应用于临床.我国作为中草药大国在开发中药多糖这一领域有着独一无二的优势(1).1 中药多糖的预防作用
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加强对中药不良反应的监测和研究
中药的不良反应不容忽视中国医药学是一个伟大的宝库,其历史悠久,源远流长,现存有文字记载的医籍可追溯到二千多年前.几千年来,中药为中华民族的繁衍昌盛和人民的健康作出了巨大的贡献,而且现在已日益受到全世界的重视,为很多国家的人民采纳和应用,从而造福于全人类.然而,药物的两重性是药物作用的基本规律之一,中药也不例外.中国民间早就有"是药三分毒"的说法,中药既能起到防病治病的作用,同时也可能引起不良反应,损害人体,导致生理机能的紊乱,甚至组织结构的改变.当然,与化学药品相比,中药引起的不良反应(尤其是毒性反应)是少得多,但其危害性不能因此而忽视.
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中药成分靶向治疗急性髓系白血病研究进展
白血病是一类基因组发生动念变化的造血干/祖细胞疾病,以异常造血细胞的恶性增殖、分化受阻、凋亡受抑并造成止常血细胞减少为特征,白血病是一种常见的疾病,发病率在肿瘤疾病中居第6位.资料[1]显示,全球每年新增的白血病患者30万人,而死于白血病者亦达22.2万人;我国每年新增白血病患者4万余人,发病率约为3~4/10万,并且还处于不断上升的趋势[2].
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Since 1994, the Oncologic Department of the Henan Provincial TCM Hospital has used Chinese herbal enema for treatment of tumors at the middle and late stage with satisfactory therapeutic effects. The following are some examples.
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AIM To investigate the short-term and long-term therapeutic effect of traditional medicine preparation andIFN-α1 b on hepatic fibrosis due to chronic hepatitis B.METHODS Fifty-two patients with hepatic fibrosis of hepatitis B were treated by IFN-alb and traditionalmedicine preparation, then observed the change of serum indexes of hepatic fibrosis, liver biopsy,ultrasonography and fibergastroscopy.RESULTS The serum indexes of hepatic fibrosis decreased significantly after 3-month treatment(P<0.05). The improvement of liver fibrosis was confirmed by liver biopsy, ultrasonography andfibergastroscopy. After 3-year continuous follow-up, the conditions of patients were got better. Symptomsand signs were disappeared. The pathohistologic change of liver, serum index of hepatic fibrosis and liverfunction were continuously improved.CONCLUSION The good short-term and long-term effects were obtained by using IFN-α1b to suppressduplication of hepatitis B virus and traditional medicine preparation to reverse hepatic fibrosis.
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AIM To investigate a mixture of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the prevention of chronic colitis inrats.METHODS Sixty rats were divided into 3 groups. Colitis was induced by trinitrobenzene-sulfonic acid(TNB). On day 10, all the survived rats were killed, the mortality and intestinal obstruction rate werecalculated, the colonic lesion score was assessed and collagenase activity and collagen concentration weremeasured.RESULTS The survival rate was much lower and intestinal obstruction rate much higher in TNB than thosein TCM, they were 53% and 81% vs. 80% and 24% (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). There were alsosignificant differences in colonic stricture score and colonic weight between TNB and TCM groups (1.75±1.2 vs 0.22±0.67 and 0.57±0.36 vs 0.31±0.10, P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). No hydroxyprolineand collagenase activity differences were found between the two groups.CONCLUSION This mixture of TCM prevents the formation of intestinal stricture, increases the survivalrate and decreases intestinal obstruction rate in a rat model of chronic colitis.
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基层中药饮片现状分析及建议
中医药学是我国在自然科学领域中具特色的学科之一.而中医药事业是否能健康有序地发展,重点取决于中药饮片质量的真伪优劣.近年来,在抽检过程中发现,中药饮片的混淆使用、伪造冒充、掺假增重等现象非常严重,而且屡禁不止,严重地影响着中医药事业的发展前景,同时也威胁着广大人民群众的身体健康.本人通过对抽检来的中药材进行检验分析,发现目前中药材市场存在的主要问题及形成原因,并提出有关建议和对策以供同仁参考.
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Instruction to Authors of Chinese Herbal Medicines
Chinese Herbal Medicines, an international journal sponsored by the Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Institute of Medicinal Plant Develop-ment. The Journal s purpose is to provide a forum for the studies on Chinese herbal medicines, traditional medicines, and natural products.
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Instruction to Authors of Chinese Herbal Medicines
Chinese Herbal Medicines, an international journal sponsored by the Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Institute of Medicinal Plant Develop-ment. The Journal s purpose is to provide a forum for the studies on Chinese herbal medicines, traditional medicines, and natural products.
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合理用药案例分析(40)
1. Patient's conditions Patient, male, aged 50, has hypertension for 8 years,except Chinese herbal proprietary medicine, he has never had pharmacotherapy on Evidence Based medicine. Last year, the patient had got new trouble - ischemic heart disease (coronary artery disease) attributable to long term hypertension.
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牛奶冰棒加中药茶防治鼻咽癌病人放射性口腔黏膜反应的临床研究
口腔黏膜炎是指口腔黏膜上皮组织的一类炎症和溃疡反应,表现为口腔黏膜的红斑、脱皮、溃疡形成、出血和渗血[1,2].放射性口腔黏膜炎已经成为鼻咽癌放疗中为严重的制约因素,其发生率几乎是100%.发生口腔黏膜炎后,由于口腔不适、疼痛、咀嚼及吞咽困难,给病人带来很大的痛苦,影响营养的摄入及放疗的顺利进行,是导致放疗中断乃至失败的常见原因,严重影响病人的生存质量及治疗效果[3-6].我科采用中药泡茶饮用、放疗后吃牛奶冰棒等方法防治鼻咽癌放疗所致的口腔黏膜反应,效果较好.现报告如下:
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Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupoint sticking with Chinese herbs for edema due to chronic cardiac failure.
Methods: One hundred and seventy patients in conformity with the diagnostic criteria of edema due to chronic cardiac failure were randomly divided into two groups, 85 cases in each group. The observation group was treated by oral administration of diuretics plus acupoint sticking with Chinese herbs. The control group was treated just by oral administration of diuretics same as the observation group. The therapeutic effects were evaluated after continuous intervention for 14 d.
Results: The total effective rate was 90.6% in the observation group, remarkably higher than 67.1% in the control group. The difference of overall therapeutic effect between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01).
Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of acupoint sticking with Chinese herbs plus oral administration of diuretics is better than simple oral administration of diuretics in treatment of edema due to chronic cardiac failure. -
Objective:To observe the effect of Chinese herbal fumigation combined with three-step tuina manipulation on concentration of endothelin (ET) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and vertigo in patients with vertebral artery cervical spondylosis (VACS).
Methods:A total of 120 eligible cases were randomly allocated into an observation group and a control group, 60 in each group. Cases in the observation group were treated with Chinese herbal fumigation combined with three-step tuina manipulation, whereas cases in the control group were treated with oral Flunarizine Hydrochloride Capsules.
Results: After treatment, vertigo in both groups was alleviated; there were intra-group significant differences in ET decrease and CGRP increase (P<0.01, P<0.05);and there were also inter-group significant differences (both P<0.05).
Conclusion: Chinese herbal fumigation combined with three-step tuina manipulation can regulate the levels of ET and CGRP and improve vertigo in patients with VACS. Its therapeutic efficacy is superior to oral Flunarizine Hydrochloride Capsules. -
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal fumigation plus beating with mulberry stick in treating heel pain.
Methods: Sixty patients with heel pain were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 30 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by Chinese herbal fumigation plus beating with mulberry stick, and the control group was by orally taking Diclofenac Sodium Sustained Release Tablets plus external use of She Xiang Zhen Tong Gao (Moschus Analgesic Plaster). After one treatment course, the visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to observe the change of pain, and the clinical efficacies were also evaluated.
Results: After intervention, the improvement of VAS score in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.01). The total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01).
Conclusion:Chinese herbal fumigation plus beating with mulberry stick can produce a higher clinical efficacy than orally taking Diclofenac Sodium Sustained Release Tablets in treating heel pain. -
OBJECTIVE:The stable quality of Chinese herbal medicines is a critical factor for their reliable clinical efficiency. An improved liquid-liquid extraction procedure and a liquid chromatographic method were developed to simultaneously analyze five anthraquinones (aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion) in a Chinese traditional hospital preparation, Fuyankang mixture, in order to quantitatively control its quality in a more effective way.
METHODS: A more economical and repeatable extraction procedure based on conventional liquid-liquid extraction technique was developed and used to extract ifve marker components in Fuyankang mixture. These anthraquinones were separated in less than 20 min on a C18 column with methanol and 0.1%phosphoric acid (88:12, v/v) as mobile phase. The method was validated for speciifcity, precision, spiked recovery and stability.
RESULTS: Compared to conventional liquid-liquid extraction, the improved liquid-liquid extraction was found to be more effective for simultaneous extraction of anthraquinones from an aqueous Chinese herbal preparation, especially for hydrophobic compounds. The improved extraction method was successful y applied to determine the content of ifve marker components in Fuyankang mixture by the means of reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography.
CONCLUSION:The improved extraction procedure may be suitable for routine quality control of Fuyankang mixture and other traditional preparations at city-level hospitals in China.