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Spotlight on cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury
Worldwide, coronary heart disease (CHD) causes approximately one-third of all deaths in men and one-quarter of all deaths in women and represents a significant threat to public health. The global burden of CHD in terms of disabilityadjusted life years (DALY) or "healthy years of life lost" is projected to increase from around 47 million DALY globally in 1990 to 82 million in 2020[1].
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降胆固醇治疗的有效性和安全性--14项他汀类随机试验中90 056例受试者资料的前瞻性汇总分析
以往的随机试验结果表明,降低低密度脂蛋白(low-density lipoprotein,LDL)胆固醇浓度的干预措施能显著降低大范围个体的冠心病(coronary heart disease,CHD)和其他主要血管事件的发病率,但每项单个试验评价特定类型参试者或特定转归事件的效能都非常有限.
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杭州地区肥胖儿童的ApoE基因HhaI酶切位点多态性研究
相关研究表明,载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因的多态性影响血脂水平,特别是血清胆固醇水平,与儿童高血脂、冠心病(coronary heart disease,CHD)等多种疾病有关[1].我们利用PCR限制性内切酶片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析技术对来我院就诊的杭州地区肥胖儿童的ApoE基因的多态性进行分析,并检测其血脂水平,以便找出其与儿童肥胖的关系.
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冠心病患者血浆D-二聚体和纤维蛋白原浓度的变化及意义
冠心病(coronary heart disease,CHD)的发生、发展与血管内皮细胞损伤、凝血和纤溶系统失衡密切相关[1].纤维蛋白原(Fg)是由肝脏合成的一种急性时相血浆糖蛋白,也是一种重要的凝血因子,参与血凝过程,血浆D-二聚体(D-D)是交联纤维蛋白在纤溶酶作用下产生的一种降解产物,当体内发生血栓病变并伴有继发纤溶亢进时其浓度发生改变,二者浓度升高反映了机体凝血继发纤溶的亢进.
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冠心病与IL-1 IL-6的关系研究
动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)是冠心病(coronary heart disease CHD)的重要病理生理基础,研究表明,在AS发生发展的过程中与炎症反应密切相关[1].因此,炎症反应在冠心病的发病机制中的作用也成为关注的课题.IL-1和IL-6是主要由单核巨噬细胞产生的细胞因子,是参与机体炎症反应和一系列病理生理过程的重要介质,作者重点观察了这两种细胞因子在冠心病患者中的表达情况,以了解IL-1、IL-6与冠心病的关系.
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银杏达莫注射液治疗冠心病心力衰竭疗效观察
冠心病(coronary heart disease CHD)发病率逐年升高,药物治疗仍然是主要的治疗手段.本院自2004年开始在常规治疗基础上应用银杏达莫注射液治疗冠心病心力衰竭患者,取得一定临床疗效,报告如下.
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先天性心脏病患儿V1导联T波直立与心脏彩色多普勒超声对比分析
先天性心脏病(congenital heart disease,CHD)是临床上常见的一种新生儿血管畸形疾病,先天性心脏病发病机制复杂,大多数受遗传因素和周围环境综合作用引起[1]。CHD是新生儿死亡的主要危险因素。随着彩色多普勒超声诊断技术的发展和成熟,已成为临床上诊断先天性心脏病的主要方法之一[2],而心电图作为一种简便易行的检查方法,对于CHD的早期诊断价值仍不容忽视。为此,本文对比分析CHD患儿V1导联T波直立心电图与心脏彩色多普勒超声的表现,旨在探讨心电图对先天性心脏病的诊断价值。
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第20课束支折返性室性心动过速
Bundle branch reentrant (BBR) tachycardia is an uncommon form of ventricular tachycardia(VT) incorporating both bundle branches into the reentry circuit. The arrhythmia is usually seen in patients with an acquired heart disease and significant conduction systen impairment,although patients with structurally normal heart have been described1.
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The electrocardiographic(Fig. 1) has been recorded from an asymptomatic 52-year-old woman free from organic heart disease,who was admitted to the outpatient department beacause a routine ECG had pointed out some abnormalities1: ①The QRS axis is at +90°, ②The QRS duration is 0.14 seconds, ③ The QRS configuration in the limb leads is suggestive of BBB, but it is hard to define, on the basis of these leads only, which type of BBB (right or left) is involved2.The wide S waves in leads I and aVL suggest at first glance an RBBB, whereas the QRS morphology in the inferior leads (monophasic R wave with secondary ST-T changes) is more consistent with an LBBB with relative right axis deviation, ④The chest leads further complicate the problem because lead V1 suggests an RBBB, whereas leads V5 and V6 are perfectly consistent with an LBBB, showing a monophasic R wave3, in addition, lead V5 shows ST-segment depression and negative T wave, typical of LBBB. It is worth noting that when the tracing was recorded, the correct placement of precordial electrodes was accurately checked, ⑤ Placement of precordial electrodes of leads V4,V5,and V6 2 intercostals spaces above restores4,in these leads, a QRS configuration suggestive of RBBB:small and relatively wide s waves appear and the T waves become positive.
关键词: heart disease Type of -
In transient left bundle branch block,normal intraventricular conduction subsequently returns,if only1temporarily.The condition has also been called paroxysmal,unstable,or temporary left bundle branch block. Its etiology is similar to that of the stable variety2, with the great majority of the patients having ischemic or hypertensive heart disease or both. Transient bundle branch block may complicate acute myocardial infarction or may occur during attacks of angina. It may appear during an episode of congestive heart failure and disappear with improvement of the cardiac status. Most patients eventually develop permanent block. Occasionally,however, the patient may revert to normal conduction even years after consistently demonstrating the block.
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第3课 室性期前收缩
Ventricular premature complexes(VPCs) are among the most common arrhythmias and occur in patients with and without heart disease. Of adult males. ≥ 60 percent will exhibit VPCs during a 24 - h Holter monitoring. In patients without heart disease, VPCs have not been shown 1 to be associated with 2 any increased incidence in mortality or morbidity. VPCs may occur in up to 80 percent of patients with previous myocardial infarction, and in this setting, if frequent( > 10 per hour) and/ or complex(occurring in couplets), they have been associated with increased mortality.
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第45课运动员12导联心电图解释的建议
Electrocardiogram changes in athletes are common and usually reflect structural and electrical remodelling of the heart as an adaptation to regular physical training (athlete's heart).However, abnormalities of athlete's ECG may be an expression of an underlying heart disease which carries a risk of SCD during sport.It is important that ECG abnormalities resulting from intensive physical training and those potentially associated with an increased cardiovascular risk are correctly distinguished.The athlete's ECG changes are divided into two groups: common and training-related and training-unrelated.
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骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗缺血性心脏病研究进展
缺血性心脏病(ischemic heart disease, IHD)是由于冠脉循环改变导致的心肌损害,是当今病死率高的疾病之一,常见的是冠心病,约占90%.目前,治疗冠心病的常用方法诸如药物,球囊扩张(PTCA)及旁路移植(CABG)手术等虽然改善心肌缺血,却不能使梗死的心肌细胞再生.近几年兴起的干细胞移植治疗IHD,不仅可以再生血管,而且可以再生心肌,是一全新的治疗方法.本文主要就骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗IHD的进展作概述.
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老年人贫血性心脏病
各种原因引起血红蛋白(HB)<70g/L的慢性贫血,导致心排血量增加、心脏增大或心功能不全,称为贫血性心脏病(Anemic heart disease).在吴华新等[1]报告的110例住院老年人中,本病发生率为27.27%.老年人贫血发生率可以高达40%,故在老年人中,贫血性心脏病并非罕见.由于本病临床表现具有多样性,并存疾病的多学科性,导致误诊和漏诊率极高.因而值得引起国人的重视.
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Th1/Th2失衡与慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并冠状动脉性心脏病原因分析
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)与冠状动脉性心脏病(coronary heart disease,CHD)同为临床上两大常见疾病,当今世界随着工业化进程的演进,COPD呈现出发病率增加的趋势,这种趋势在心脑血管病呈下降趋势的背景下尤为显眼.有观察发现,COPD病人存在CHD的高发病率[1].阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议(GOLD)也指出COPD患者发生心肌梗死、心绞痛的危险性增加,对COPD发病机制的研究不但有益于COPD的控制,对探讨CHD发病机制及高危因素的预防也具有现实意义.
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一氧化氮吸入用于心脏手术病人肺动脉高压治疗研究进展
肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)是左向右分流先天性心脏病(congenital heart disease,CHD)的主要并发症之一,也是导致围手术期病人死亡的主要危险因素之一,如何有效治疗或缓解心脏手术病人肺动脉高压显得尤为重要.传统治疗方法很多,但疗效局限或不满意.近年来一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)吸入治疗PAH的效果得到肯定,已成为临床研究的热点.本文结合近期国内外文献,就NO吸入用于心脏手术病人PAH治疗的相关问题研究进展,综述如下.
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冠心病患者血浆超敏C反应蛋白和D-二聚体的检测意义与冠状动脉病变程度的关系
冠心病(Coronary heart disease,CHD)即冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病,在我国随着人们生活水平的提高,发病率不断增加,同时也是导致患者死亡的重要原因之一.近年来越来越多的研究表明炎症反应是冠状动脉粥样硬化的主要发病机制之一.超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和D二聚体(DD)是机体炎症反应的敏感标志物,本研究对56例CHD患者血浆hs-CRP和DD水平进行检测,探讨其在CHD中的变化及与冠状动脉病变程度的关系.
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超敏C反应蛋白和同型半胱氨酸水平与冠心病临床分型的相关性研究
冠心病(Coronary heart disease,CHD)即冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病,在我国是多发病,也是导致患者死亡的重要原因之一.越来越多的研究表明,同型半胱氨酸(Homocysteine,HCY)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)是动脉粥样硬化独立的危险因素[1].本研究对54例CHD患者血浆hs-CRP和HCY进行检测,并探讨其与冠心病临床分型的关系,现将结果报告如下.
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护理干预缓解老年冠心病患者焦虑、抑郁的临床观察
冠状动脉硬化性心脏病(coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease,CAHD),简称冠心病,是老年人群中的常见病与多发病之一[1-2].紧张、焦虑、抑郁等不良心理是老年冠心病常见的不良心理表现,且常合并存在,不仅严重影响了老年人的生活质量,而且可能使死亡率升高[3].随着我国“生物-社会医学-心理模式”的转变,心理护理干预已成为临床整天护理工作的重要组成部分之一,但有效的心理护理干预在缓解老年冠心病患者不良心理情绪中的作用常常被忽视[3].本研究通过对老年冠心病患者进行有效地心理护理干预,旨在探讨心理护理干预在在缓解老年冠心病患者不良心理情绪中的临床应用价值.
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MMPs在血管内膜增生中的作用及其抑制剂的治疗前景
1987年支架在临床实践中的应用是经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutanenous coronary intervention,PCI)领域的一个里程碑.此后的十余年来,冠状动脉支架植入术成为治疗冠心病(coronary heart disease,CHD)有确切疗效的一种重要手段,并且消除了原有PCI术后的血管弹性回缩和血管重塑.