食管癌流行概况

食管癌是常见的恶性肿瘤,2008年全世界约新发食管癌48.1万例,占癌症总发病数的3.8％[1].食管癌对居民生命健康危害极大.本综述分析了近年国内外食管癌流行概况,以探索食管癌的流行规律.一、地区分布(一)发病2008年全球食管癌估计世界年龄标化发病率( estimated world age-standardized incidence rate,EW-ASIR)居同期男性恶性肿瘤发病顺位第6位( 10.2/105),女性第11位(4.2/105);居亚洲男性顺位第5位( 13.2/105),女性第8位(6.1/105);居我国男性顺位第4位(22.9/105),女性第7位( 10.5/105)[1].

海德综合征的研究进展

因血管发育不良所致的胃肠道出血可与退化性主动脉瓣狭窄相关，二者集于一身称为海德综合征。胃肠道血管发育不良和主动脉瓣狭窄均为慢性退行性病变，其发生率随年龄增长而升高。此外，退行性主动脉瓣狭窄与血管性血友病因子中高分子量聚合物破坏增加相关，继而加重胃肠道血管发育不良出血的风险。主动脉瓣置换术是重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者一线治疗策略，同时能有效改善患者并存的出血性血管发育不良和获得性血管性血友病。但主动脉瓣狭窄与胃肠道出血之间是否存在实质的内在联系及其具体机制尚未完全清楚，临床对该病的认识与诊治经验亦不足。本文综述海德综合征的流行病学、发病机制及临床诊治进展。

硬膜外腔联合用药治疗腰椎间盘突出症

BACKGROUND: Lumbar disc protrusion was a syndrome dueto degeneration of disc, disruption of fibrous tings and protrusion ofnucleus pulposus and stimulation of cauda equina. It was the mostcommon cause of leg and back pain. it had a high incidence rate andthe patients suffered too greatly to normal work and life. Afternon-operative therapy, symptoms of most patients disappeared orrelieved. Only 10% to 15% of the patients needed operation. Re-cently, combination drug administration in epidural space were usedin lumbar disc protrusion therapy with a highly successful rate andhttle danger.

血府逐瘀口服液对更年期骨质疏松的康复作用

INTRODUCTIONOsteoporosis is a complication of climacteric syndrome. Preventionand rehabilitative treatment to climacteric syndrome are advocated atpresent. Current method of treatment is hormonal replacement ther-apy or the traditional Chinese medicine therapy aiming at invigora-tion and health protection. Though effects the hormonal replacementtherapy does, it also risks of higher incidence rate of mammarycancer and carcinoma of corpus uteri with improper using[1 -3] . Sodrug treatment without side effect is desirable. Application of XuefuZhuyu Oral liquid is good to climacteric osteoporosis.

心肌缺血预适应对急性心肌梗死患者心脏的保护作用

BACKGROUND:Ischemic preconditioning occur refers to the occurrence of many unstable angina pectoris before acute myocardial ischemia(AMI).It is generally recognized that ischemic preconditioning occur has protective effect on heart and can reduce infarction scope and improve contraction function of heart.Recently some authors thinks ischemic preconditioning occur will cause the exacerbation of patients' condition during the time of hospitalization and increase the incidence rate of angina and pectoris and death.

手部高压注射伤损伤机制及治疗进展

High pressure injection injury (HPII) is a rare injury of hands. It is reported by Ress in 1973 firstly.It is easy to be neglected with potential dangers,and happens mainly at non dominant hand.The slight clinical manifestation in early stage,such as small wound in the end of finger,usually conceals the range and degree of damage,which could lead to severe results even to finger amputating.Early decompression and debridement are main treatments[1,2].The studies of HPII are rare in our country[1,2].We review the advance of HPII as follows. 1 Incidence rate and the causes.

肱骨髁上骨折致肘内翻畸形矫形术后的康复治疗

Background: The incidence rate of supracondylar fracture of humerus complicated with cubitus varus is high. And severe cubitus varus will result in the limitation of extensive movement of joint, the attenuation of wounded limb and dysfunction of limb. Carrying out early dirigation after surgery to the patients has a prominent effect on the orthopedic of cubitus varies deformity.

脑卒中患者心理康复程序的探讨

China is one of the nations and areas where the cerebral apoplexy occurs in highest incidence rate.Different degree of neurologic impairment is found in approximately 40％ patients with cerebral apoplexy.The early and reasonable rehabilitative therapy can reduce the incidence rate of sequela,enhance the patients' quality of life and in addition and lighten the burden of families and society.Psychological rehabilitation should be introduced when the physiological function is recovered,or even earlier than physiological therapeutical proceeding was applied,and it is supposed to run through the entire course of physiological recovery.The following texts focus mainly on the psychological issues of patients in different stages and conditions after cerebral apoplexy.

Dementia is becoming a major concern worldwide because its prevalence and incidence rise exponentially with increasing age. The prevalence rates double with every 5 years of age, from about 5% (4-12%depending on the studies) in those aged 65 and older to about 40% over 90[1], and up to 58% in those 95 and older[2]. The annual incidence rate of dementia is 2.2% per year over age 65[3]. According to 1996 United Nations projections, the number of individuals ~ed 65 and older in the more developed countries will increase from 169 million (14.2% of the population) to 287 million (24. 7% of the population)[3]. Besides the huge human and social costs, the economic burden of dementia is enormous in countries with a long lifeexpectancy[3], both from direct costs, i.e., those that result in actual monetary expenditures, such as hospital care, physician visits, medications, home health care workers or institutional care and indirect costs, i.e.,those that do not result in actual monetary expenditures, such as time spouses or other caregivers spend helping and caring.

Objective:In order to experience and contrast incidence rate of intection peritonitis. Exit-site infection,lunnitis, patients recover one＇s works,still living survival and withdraw rate from CAPD in particular on home PD of Subtropical Zone of China. Method:134 cases patients PD with CRF were from January 1,1981 to February 1998. We used three kinds of device and dialysate to complete CAPD. 134 patients into three groups according to PD device and form. Group Ⅰ: Non o-set 74 cases. Pat to use bottled dialysate/bag dialysate infusion abdominal cavity made by general emulsion tube/or once emulsion tube for CAPD. Group Ⅱ: 60 cases. Made by the o-set(Baxter H. Itd. USA).Group Ⅲ:45 cases. Made by o-set for on home PD. Result: The occur rate of infection peritonitis in Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ Group were one/11.17,94.87 and 121.80 patient months. The infection rate of exit-site in Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ Group were 18.91%,6.66%,6.66%. The lunnitis incidence rate in Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ Group were 8.1%,3.33%, and 4.44%, respectively. The patients recover one＇s works in group Ⅰ almost come to nought, group Ⅱ 30% and 45.6% in group Ⅲ. Survival still living: Group Ⅰ 12.83. Group Ⅱ≥23.25. Group Ⅲ≥27 months and among them ≥36 months 7 cases (15.55%).About withdraw:Group Ⅰ average 2%/year. Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ 1.4%/year. The death rate of average year in Ⅰ and Ⅱ Group patients were 2.66% lower than of HD death rate 10%. Conclusion: o-set it＇s indeed a device of develop of PD and home PD, because the o-set able to most limit lower occur rate of intection peritonitis especially fit into home PD subtropical zone area.