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基因表达谱监测心脏移植排斥反应
IntroductionDespite improved immunosuppression, rejection still accounts for significant morbidity and mortality after heart transplantation[1].Any method that improves early detection and hence treatment of rejection is likely to lead to improved long-term survival.Serial surveillance endomyocardial biopsies (EMB) following cardiac transplantation have become an integral component of post-transplant management.However, EMB is invasive, expensive, variable[2] and causes low but definitemorbidity[3].
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动态监测CA19-9和CA242早期发现高分化壶腹周围腺癌患者一例
壶腹周围癌系指乏特氏壶腹、胆总管下端、胰管开口处、十二指肠乳头及其附近的十二指肠黏膜等处的癌肿.
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AIM To explore the feasibility of early gastric cancer diagnosis with 2LC reagent, and to establish a grossexploration method for early gastric cancer with the reagent based on the feasibility.METHODS Add 30 mg or 0.3 mL 2LC reagent into 5 mL urinary sample, observe the change of urinary,and analyze the sample on DAO-JIN-UV-260 Ultraviolet-analyzer at 190nm - 700nm, then, record theabsorbance at 490nm. To determine best stage of sample, take some samples on 8:00 pm and 8:00 am,respectively. To select best dosage of 2LC, take the test with different concentrations. To test the effect ofoperation, conduct the experiment in different stages before and after the operation for the patients withgastric cancer. Two parallel samples were taken each time in the whole experiment.RESULTS Red compound produced by some reactions when the 2LC reagent was added into the urinary ofpatients with gastric cancer, and the urine had obvious absorptivity at about 490nm (positive). There was almost no reaction in the urine of other samples (negative). A total of 172 samples were tested, the positiverate of gastric cancer was above 90% in 48 samples before the operation, in which 8 advanced gastric cancerand 9 early stage gastric cancer samples behaved stronger positive reaction. The positive rate of 118 othersamples was less than 10%. The urine taken in the morning was batter than that in the evening. The bestdosage of 2LC was 6 mg/mL for crystal and 0.05 mL/mL for liquid. The test results of gastric cancerpatients with postoperative tumor recrudescence or transfer were positive, and the others were negative.CONCLUSION There is a high feasibility in manipulation simplification, specificity and receptivity of 2LCreagent for early gastric cancer detection, and the characteristics mentioned above will be improved based onthe advanced raw material used and the style of the 2LC reagent. It is an effective gross exploration methodfor early gastric cancer with the 2LC reagent, and can determine the effect of operation for the gastriccancer.
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Methods of early detection: would clinical breastexamination and breast ultrasonography be a good alternative to mammography?
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women[1].In the past 40 years,breast cancer incidence has doubled or even tripled in developed countries such as South Korea and Japan; whereas it is about 20% to 30% in China and India in the past decade[2-4].An increasing incidence rate of 3% each year was observed in mainland China[5].
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Overview of breast cancer prevention: what's the next?
Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women at the ages of 20-59 years[1].The incidence of breast cancer in Asia is also shown to be increasing recently, especially in the more affluent cities, and the peak incidence of breast cancer is at the age of 45-50 years[2].Breast cancer prevention has started from secondary prevention strategy of early detection of the disease with different modalities in Asia[3-5] despite the absence of unified nationwide screening program.There are a lot of discussion about the benefits and harms of breast cancer screening[6-8] and still a lot of controversial issues such as stratification of breast cancer risk, choice of screening modalities, ways of information dissemination, different culturo-religious beliefs, and various levels of medical resources, especially in Asia, remain unresolved.In no doubt, a cost-effective prevention method should be more widely accepted.
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前列腺特异抗原及其他肿瘤标志物在前列腺癌早期检测中的应用
前列腺特异抗原(prostate specific antigen, PSA)是1979年由前列腺组织提纯.1980年将PSA作为前列腺癌瘤标应用于临床以来,在前列腺癌的诊断和治疗方面发生了戏剧性的变化,主要体现在以下几个方面:(1)前列腺癌诊断年龄年轻化,年龄<70岁的前列腺癌病人明显增加.(2)早期局限前列腺癌的发现率明显增加.(3)前列腺癌根治手术的比例大幅度提高(2~3倍).(4)前列腺癌根治术后无PSA复发和无转移生存率增加.
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Mild cognitive impairment: a concept useful for early detection and intervention of dementia
As life expectancy increases around the globe,dementia has become an increasingly important public health issue that has created new challenges for communities' social service networks[1].The early detection and prevention of dementia,particularlyAIzheimer's disease (AD),necessitate the development of effective public health education programs about the early symptoms and preclinical changes of dementia.To promote this effort the concept of mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-which some experts consider an early form of AD-has been created.
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帕金森病的早期检测技术研究进展
帕金森氏病(Parkinson's disease,PD)又名震颤麻痹,是1817年英国医生James Parkinson早系统描述的一种中老年人常见的神经系统变性疾病,多在60岁以后发病.此病不仅严重影响患者的生活质量,同时给患者家庭及社会都造成了负面影响.因此,早期发现、早期诊断、早期干预治疗就显得极为重要.本文就目前帕金森病的早期检测技术研究进展进行综述,希望对临床医师诊断帕金森病提供帮助.