首页 > 文献资料
-
高颅压型脑囊虫病的临床观察及护理
高颅压型脑囊虫病临床症状严重、且危害较重、治疗难度大、预后差.如不采取积极的治疗、护理措施,可危及生命.因此对高颅压型脑囊虫病治疗过程中的临床观察及护理尤为重要, 现将本科2002年1~10月份收治的60例高颅压型脑囊虫病的临床观察及护理体会总结如下.
-
无创颅内压监测的实验研究
急性脑损伤常导致颅内压增高(increased intracranial pressure,iICP),而监测颅内压(intracranial pressure,ICP)的变化对保证治疗的有效性极为重要.目前,颅内压主要通过有创监测获得,但大量研究表明通过经颅多普勒(transcranial Doppler,TCD)可以获知与压力变化相伴随的颅内血流动力学的改变,而后者与颅内压有较好的定量关系,颅内压增高与血压的改变也同样有较好的相关性[1-3].
-
重视颅内压的基础研究
颅内疾病无论是外伤、肿瘤、脑血管疾病、炎症,还是先天性疾病,均可引起颅内高压(intracranial hypertension,ICH).而病情程度及预后大多与ICH的程度呈正相关.
-
Objective. To investigate the morphological properties of pig cerebral bridging vein. Methods. The morphology and fibre arrangement of 15 cerebral bridging veins obtained from 7 Danish Yorkshire landrace pigs were observed. Results. There was a narrow region at the junction of the cerebral bridging veins and superior sagittal sinus termed “ outflow cuff segment". The diameter and length of outflow cuff segment were much smaller and the thickness was higher than those of the cerebral bridging veins (P< 0.01), and circumferential collagen fibres were most dense in the outflow cuff segment. The opening angle of the outflow cuff segment and the cerebral bridging veins were 115± 4° and 120± 4° (P >0.05). Conclusions. There were differences in fibre arrangement and morphological properties between the outflow cuff segment and the cerebral bridging vein, just like a resistance valve, the outflow cuff segment may play an important role in stabilizing cerebral venous outflow and regulating intracranial pressure.
-
甘露醇联合速尿治疗颅内压增高的效果评价
颅内压增高(increased intracranial pressure)是神经外科常见临床病理综合征,持续颅内压增高可引起一系列中枢神经系统功能紊乱和病理变化,并影响患者的预后.因此,及时正确地处理颅内高压,对提高患者的预后极其重要.降低颅内压的办法:一是缩减颅内容物的体积,另一方面是去骨瓣减压的方法,通过扩大颅腔容积达到减压的目的.降颅压药物的合理选择和使用是临床治疗的首要问题.
-
综合疗法对脑外伤的康复作用
INTRODUCTION Cerebral trauma is a kind of injury of skull and brain induced by out force struck.Except the direct injury of skull and cerebral tissue, secondary injury such as intercranium hematom,cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure always occurred.Sometimes,with compliance of fracture of cervical vertebra and spinal cord,peripheral nerve injury.If synthetic rehabilitation methods were used, good effect can be detected.
-
Abducent paralysis is a kind of the pathological change of the cranial nerve, manifested mainly by the clinical symptoms of inward strabismus, limited abduction of the eyeball and double vision. It is believed in modern medicine that this disease can be caused by pathological change of the pons, basicranial metastatic carcinoma, elevated intracranial pressure, and also by inflammation in the head and face, rupture of local small blood vessels or traumatic injury. Now, Prof. WU Lian-zhong's experience in the treatment of abducent paralysis is reported in the following.
-
小儿先天性颅内蛛网膜囊肿12例报告
本文报道12例小儿先天性颅内蛛网膜囊肿,幕上9例,幕下3例.早期手术预后良好.并介绍了该病的临床特点、诊断及治疗方法.
-
小儿脑肿瘤71例临床分析
小儿脑肿瘤比成人多见,约占全部脑肿瘤的15~20%~((1、2)).我院1964年4月至1980年6月共收治71例,占同期入院脑肿瘤426例的16.7%.小儿脑肿瘤易被误诊,现结合本组71例小儿脑肿瘤临床分析,探讨小儿脑肿瘤易被误诊的几个问题.
-
Objective: To investigate the value of transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography in evaluating the outcome of severe traumatic brain injury and to correlate the TCD values with intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) monitoring. Methods: A prospective study was conducted to evaluate the contribution of TCD ultrasonography to neurological outcome in a series of 96 severe traumatic brain injury patients. The quantitative variables of TCD ultrasonography included the mean blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and pulsatility index within the first 24 hours of admission. The ICP and CPP values were also recorded. Outcome in 6 months postinjury was evaluated using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS 4-5 was considered as “good” and GOS 1-3 as “poor”). Results: The mean blood flow velocity of the MCA was larger than 40 cm/s in 30 (51%) patients with good outcome whereas it was less than 40 cm/s in 27 (73%) patients with poor outcome (P<0.025). The mean PI in cases of good outcome (34 patients, 57%) was lower than 1.5 whereas in poor outcome (30 patients, 83%) was higher than 1.5 (P<0.001). The correlations of ICP and CPP to pulsatility index were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusions: TCD ultrasonography is valid in predicting the patients outcome of 6 months and correlates significantly with ICP and CPP values when it is performed in the first 24 hours of severe traumatic brain injury.
-
With high fatality rate and disability rate, the pathophysiologic changes of severe head injury are complicated. But the method of lowering intracranial pressure (ICP) through artificial hyperventilation is called in question recently. To understand the related changes of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery (PaCO2) and the ICP at the acute period of severe head injury, a total of 64 patients with severe head injury were monitored and analyzed on the 3rd day after injury.