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中医药对透析患者残余肾功能的影响
残余肾功能(residual renal function,RRF)是指尿毒症患者健存肾单位所承担的清除体内小分子及中大分子物质、调节水电解质酸碱平衡以及部分内分泌功能~([1]).近年来的研究表明,RRF对透析患者,尤其是腹透患者的生存率与生活质量起着非常重要的作用,采取有效措施大限度地保护透析患者的RRF受到极大的关注.本文在讨论透析患者RRF作用的基础上,对发挥中医药治疗优势保护RRF的对策及相关研究综述如下.
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We have previously reported that the maximal inferior vena cava(IVC) diameter during quiet expiration(IVCe) measured by ultrasonography correlates well with the amount of body fluid, especially the circulating blood volume[1] and proposed using the criteria of IVC diameter to determine dry weight(DW) in anuric hemodialyzed (HD) patients: standard IVCe of pre-and post-HD are (14.9±0.4) and (8.2±0.3) mm, respectively[2]. However, the same post-HD IVC criterion should not be applied to nonoliguric HD patients because it could result in rapid deterioration of residual renal function due to forced dehydration. Although the biochemical DW marker plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is useful to evaluate hypervolemia but not hypovolemia,both hyper-and hypovolemia can be detected by IVC measurement.
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阿魏酸哌嗪在腹膜透析患者残余肾功能中的应用
目的 探索持续性腹膜透析(CAPD)的尿毒症患者使用阿魏酸哌嗪对残余肾功能(RRF)的影响.方法 43例CAPD治疗的尿毒症患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,治疗组22例,对照21例;治疗组在对照组基础上加用中成药阿魏酸哌嚷,每次150mg,每天3次,疗程12个月;观察治疗前、后的血压(BP)、体重(BW)、血色素(Hb)、血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Scr)、血白蛋白(Alb)等指标;分别检测二组治疗6、12、18个月的RRF及尿量.结果 与对照组相比,治疗后的治疗组RRF下降速度减慢(P<0.05).尿量减少明显减缓(p<0.01),BP控制对照组满意(p<0.05).Hb、BW、Alb好于对照组(P<0.05~0.01).结论 阿魏酸哌嗪对CAPD尿毒症患者的RRF有保护作用,延缓尿量的减少,改善患者营养,提高CAPD患者的生活质量.