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单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的研究进展
唇裂是口腔颌面部常见的先天性畸形,根据国内有关研究报道,其发病率约为新生儿的0.1%[1].虽然目前主张在婴儿期即给予早期修复,但随着患儿的发育,大多数患者仍会留下程度不一的鼻部畸形,严重者明显影响面部美观.而外鼻被眉、眼、嘴和耳廓环抱,高耸于颜面五官之中央,其形态在面部美学中具有重要的作用.因此,唇裂继发鼻畸形的研究一直备受关注.鉴于唇裂后鼻畸形发生率较高,对容貌影响明显.本文拟对其发病机制、临床特征、治疗时机、手术方法等问题的研究现状综述如下.
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中草药葛根在现代美容领域应用前景的研究进展
随着现代美容业的快速发展和人们保健意识的增强,中草药美容作为一种新型的美容方式逐渐被人们认可,并以其自然、副作用小、毒性弱,并具有保健功能等特点受到了整个美容界的推崇.常见的用于美容的中草药主要集中在当归、党参、首乌等滋阴补气的药物中,并以内服为主;葛根用于美容的研究并不多见,主要以其丰胸的作用为主[1].本文就葛根的药理药性,深入分析其未来可能的应用前景,现综述如下.
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口腔颌面部静脉畸形药物治疗的研究进展
静脉畸形为人体常见的先天性血管疾患之一,以面颈部、四肢为好发部位,多见于皮肤和皮下组织.尽管为一种良性病变,但它能破坏组织形态或影响功能,严重者因疼痛影响四肢功能甚至致残,位于外露部位的病灶还可造成外观的缺陷并影响容貌美,给患者带来极大的精神和心理负担[1-2].临床表现为受累皮肤或粘膜呈蓝色、皮温不高、体位移动试验阳性、无搏动感.目前较理想的治疗方法是手术结合硬化剂注射.治疗方法的选择:①口腔粘膜及浅表部位的静脉畸形可选用Nd:YAG激光、平阳霉素病变内注射等治疗;②深部、局限、低回流型静脉畸形,硬化剂治疗(平阳霉素注射)可获得良好疗效;③深部、高回流型静脉畸形,推荐选用无水乙醇硬化治疗,翻瓣激光、手术等综合治疗,电化学治疗也是可选的治疗方法之一;④对于大范围静脉畸形,目前尚缺乏有效治疗手段,只能采用分阶段治疗和综合治疗,可选用的方法很多,例如手术+硬化剂注射、病变内结扎+硬化剂治疗、激光+手术治疗等[3].临床上硬化剂的种类很多:5%鱼肝油酸钠、平阳霉素、无水乙醇、40%尿素、消痔灵、明矾、高渗盐水、高渗葡萄糖、四环素或强力霉素、OK-432、博莱霉素、十四烷基硫酸钠、乙醇胺、醇溶蛋白、喹啉、Ethibloc等[4].本文就口腔颌面部静脉畸形治疗药物的研究进展综述如下.
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Progress on renal sympathetic nerve ablation for refractory hypertension
Hypertension is a chronic cardiovascular disease worldwide.Its association with major adverse cardiac and cerebral events and favorable effects of antihypertensive therapy are ndisputed.It has been estimated that the total number of patients are more than one billion people[1].In recent years, the drug reatment of hypertension has made great progress, especially for a large number of long-acting antihypertensive drugs and the application of the new compound preparation so that the control rate of hypertension significantly increased.However, hypertensive patients received diuretics, including more than three high-dose antihypertensive drug treatment, but has not yet reached the target blood pressure, clinically known as refractory hypertension (treatment resistant hypertension) about the total number of patients with 20% to 30% [2], and such patients have a higher incidence of adverse cardiovascular events[3].efractory hypertension is not only caused by many reasons, but also illustrates the limitations of the medication.Therefore, people began to say, non-drug treatment of hypertension.Most recently, attention has been redirected to the sympathetic nervous system in the pathogenesis of hypertension.In addition, interruption of the renal sympathetic nervous system in humans with resistant hypertension has been studied with promising results.In 2009, Monash University, Australia Krum professor′s first report of renal sympathetic nerve ablation(Renal sympathetic denervation) was used in the treatment of resistant hypertension, creating a non-drug treatment of essential hypertension in new ways.In this review, a brief introduction mentioned the research progress of this new technology.