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功能锻炼在脑卒中瘫痪治疗中的作用
Background: Incidence of paralysis in stroke is very high and drug therapy is often adopted. But ignorance of function exercise will influence prognosis of disease, even lead to relapse.
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高压氧联和胞二磷胆碱治疗安眠药中毒后神经精神症状89例
BACKGROUND:With developing of therapeutic condition and level,mortality of hypnotic poisoning had been reduced greatly. But due to different metabolic half time and individual variation, neurospychic symptoms might existed for one or two weeks after treatment by simple drug therapy.
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改变不良生活习惯对高血压患者血压控制的影响
BACKGROUND: Living habits with smoking, obesity and rest is high risk factor of hypertension. Every hypertension patient including those receiving drug therapy should change living habit. When living habit ameliorate, decompression function can be observed and risk factors of hypertension decrease.
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物理疗法治疗雷诺病1例
1 Clinical material A 62 year old man was hospitalized because there were pale, purlish and severe pain on his hands over six years. When the cold weather or stressful stimuli came, these symptoms were predisposes and could last 2~ 3 hours, the drug therapy of vasodilatations, analgesics and adrenal steroids was unaffected.
关键词: 理疗法治疗 Drug therapy -
特发性肺纤维化药物治疗研究进展
特发性肺纤维化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,IPF)是间质性肺疾病谱中具有代表性的病种,其病因不清,尤其是目前在治疗上尚无有效的方法,因此颇受国内外学者的关注.近年来,关于IPF的药物治疗,从基础研究到临床观察方面均取得了一定的进展,本文以国际上发表的几篇重要的循证医学研究报告为中心,对IPF药物治疗的研究进展进行概述.
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注意缺陷/多动障碍治疗中的药物假日合理吗?
Drug holidays are temporary physicianmonitored breaks in the course of continuous drug therapy that usually have the goal of reversing the receptor desensitization and adverse effects of chronic drug treatment.Initially used to describe intermittent breaks in long-term treatment with antipsychotic medication,in child psychiatry drug holidays in the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) typically involve stopping medication when the child is not at school-weekends,holidays and,summer or winter vacations.However,there are conflicting views about the benefits of drug holidays in the treatment of ADHD.药物假日是医生根据病情需要有意识地、暂时性停止用药的过程,目的是逆转抗精神病药物慢性治疗过程中的受体不敏感和不良反应.初用于描述长期抗精神病药治疗中的间歇性停药,在儿童精神科,当注意缺陷多动障碍( Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder,ADHD)患者不上学时——周末、节假日、寒暑假,会采用药物假日的治疗方式.然而,对ADHD治疗中药物假日的利弊存在争议.
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局部抗青光眼药物的合理应用
青光眼是具有病理性高眼压或正常眼压合并视乳头、视网膜神经纤维层损害及青光眼性视野改变的一种眼病,如不及时治疗,会导致视力减退甚至失明.近年来,青光眼的发病率、致盲率逐年增高.Foster等[1]的调查发现,在中国40岁以上存在青光眼性视神经损害的人数估计有940万,其中520万人(55%)至少一眼失明,170万人(18.1%)双眼失明.眼压是目前青光眼治疗中唯一被证实并能够有效控制的危险因素.近年来,激光和手术等治疗方法发展迅速,但是局部用降眼压药物仍是治疗青光眼(特别是开角型青光眼)的主要选择[2].
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Cisplatin is widely used in the treatment of many tumors,particularly in ovarian cancer.GST-π,metallothionein(MT), multidrug resistance associated proteins(MRPs), nucleotide excision repair(NER), mismatch repair(MMR) and oncogenes contribute to drug resistance of cisplatin.
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Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) was established as a distinct type of endometrial carcinoma by Lauchlan in 1981 and Hendrickson et al in 1982, and accounted for 1% ~ 10% of endometrial cancers. Theoccurencer of papillary patterns of endometrial adenocarcincma had been reportedly recognized since 1900, while until the late 1970s several authors have had described a variant of papillary endometrial cancer. UPSC is a morphologically unique variant of endometrial carcinoma that is pathologically defined by the presence of high nuclear grade, distinct papillary architechtural changes, psammoma bodies, and extensive lymph- vascular space invasion. CA125 is often mentioned a usefultumor marker either for diagnosis before starting treatment or in monitoring recurrence. The ptimal treatment of UPSC is controversial and appears to be dependent upon the stage of the disease. Primary surgery comprised of TAH/BSO and complete staging is the mainstay of treatment. The patients with recurrent UPSC in many studies were treated with various combinations of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The molecular basis for the general poor response of UPSC to adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy is not well understood. UPSC tumors are more often aneuploid and contain overexpressed mutant p53 protein as compared to encdometrioid adenocarcinoma. Unlike patients with adenocarcinoma of the endomeutrium, women with UPSC were less likely to be obese, hypertensive, or diabetic.
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新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病临床药物疗效观察
单唾液酸四已糖神经节苷脂(GM1)是促进中枢神经系统损伤后修复的一种新药.我科2000年2月至2003年10月应用GM1治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病,并与胞二磷胆碱及能量合剂治疗进行了比较,现报道如下.
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药物流行病学在药物疗法选择中的重要性
药物流行病学相对较新并且涉及试图将在大量人口中的主要药物不良反应和药物使用模式定量化.药物流行病学研究比随机试验的优势在于其可以对长时期内发生的罕见不良反应定量化的能力.近药物流行病学研究结果中出现的不一致性使得临床医生和政策制定者很难作出准确的药物疗法决策.本文指出了药物流行病学的优势以及药物流行病学研究方法论在这些年来的进步.此外也探讨了结果不一致潜在的问题,并倡导药物流行病学专家制定出规范的关于组织药物流行病学的实践指南.
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Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology and Child Health:A Canadian Perspective
IntroductionCanadian academic centres and children's hospitals have had a longstanding interest in the improvement of drug therapy for children through research conducted across the four pillars of activity identified as being of critical importance by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research(viz,basic research,clinical research,population health research,applied health and policy research)[1].
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群体药代动力学在儿童药物治疗中的应用
传统的药代动力学研究取样频繁,病人遭受痛苦大,很难在临床中推广.群体药代动力学的研究方法改变了传统研究方法获取药动学参数的途径,通过将群体研究的方法与Bayes反馈法结合,可以较准确地估算个体药动学参数,优化用药方案.
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Gene Polymorphisms and Chemotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
The phamacogenetics is being used to predict whether the selected chemotherapy will be really effective and tolerable to the patient. Irinotecan, oxidized by CYP3A4 to produce inactive compounds, is used for treatment of various cancers including advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. CYP3A4*16B polymorphism was associated with decreased metabolism ofirrinotecan. Irinotecan is also metabolized by carboxylesterase to its principal active metabolite, SN-38, which is subsequently glucuronidated by UGT1As to form the inactive compound SN-38G. UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*6 polymorphisms were useful for predicting severe toxicity with NSCLC patients treated with irinotecan-based chemotherapy. Platinum-based compounds (cisplatin, carboplatin) are being used in combination with new cytotoxic drugs such as gemcitabine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, or vinorelbine in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Cisplatin activity is mediated through the formation of cisplatin-DNA adducts. Gene polymorphisms of DNA repair factors are therefore obvious candidates for determinants of repair capacity and chemotherapy efficacy. ERCC1, XRCC1 and XRCC3 gene polymorphisms were a useful marker for predicting better survival in advanced NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. XPA and XPD polymorphisms significantly increased response to platinum-based chemotherapy. These DNA repair gene polymorphisms were useful as a predictor of clinical outcome to the platinum-based chemotherapy. EGFR kinase inhibitors induce dramatic clinical responses in NSCLC patients with advanced disease. EGFR gene polymorphism in intron 1 contains a polymorphic single sequence dinudeotide repeat (CA-SSR) showed a statistically significant correlation with the gefitinib response and was appeared to be a useful predictive marker of the development of clinical outcome containing skin rashes with gefitinib treatment. The other polymorphisms of EGFR were also associated with increased EGFR promoter activity. EGFR gene mutations and polymorphisms were also associated with EGFR kinase inhibitors response and toxicity.