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食物过敏动物模型中T调节细胞的功能及活化基因foxp3、肿瘤坏死因子受体mRNA表达研究
目前有大量研究证实CD4+CD25+T调节性细胞参与了过敏性疾病,其免疫调节作用已在许多免疫性疾病动物模型中得到证实[1].
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桦树花粉相关的食物过敏综合征一例
70%以上桦树花粉过敏患者同时存在对某些植物源性食物过敏,即所谓的花粉相关的食物过敏(pollen related food allergy).我们报道1例典型的桦树花粉过敏,随后发展成为对一些植物性食物过敏,并产生显著的临床症状,籍此阐明桦树花粉相关的食物过敏的临床和免疫学特征.
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婴幼儿食物过敏诊治建议
近20年来儿科疾病谱发生改变[1],过敏性疾病与自身免疫性疾病持续增加,其中过敏性疾病累及约25%的儿童[2].发达国家儿童食物过敏患病率约为3%~6%;美国近十年来食物过敏的儿童患病率上升了18%[3];近5年英国儿童花生过敏患病率增长了1倍.
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Objective To investigate the preventive effect of probiotics on pediatric food allergy.
Methods From MEDLINE bibliographical database, we searched and reviewed all randomized controlled trials on the preventive effects of probiotics on pediatric food allergies up to September 2013 and excluded the studies that do not meet inclusion criteria and extracted the data. Meta-analysis for the results of homogenous studies was performed using RevMan 5.0 and the co-effect was pooled by using fixed-effects model of relative risk (RR) ratios.
Results Ten trials published between 2007 and 2012 including 2701 cases were included. Meta-analysis based on included data showed that the preventive effect of prenatal and postnatal probiotic supplementation on food allergies was not significant with the RR=0.88 (95%CI:0.76-1.03).
Conclusion Present evidences cannot show in unequivocal terms that prenatal and postnatal probiotic supplementation will prevent food allergic diseases. -
食物过敏的诊治
食物过敏或食物变态反应是机体在同一抗原物质开始刺激后发生的一种表现为组织损伤或生理功能紊乱的特异性免疫反应.引起变态反应的抗原物质称为变应原或过敏原.食物过敏多见于幼儿和儿童,在成年人中少见.因腹泻、呕吐、腹痛、肠痉挛在普通门诊诊治的患者中,有一部分患者是由食物过敏所致.
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食物过敏的临床和诊断
过敏性疾病的发生过程有一定规律,婴儿在出生后第1年内出现的过敏问题主要是对牛奶、鸡蛋、豆类、鱼、虾等食物过敏,随着年龄增长,支气管哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、过敏性眼结膜炎成为主要问题.因此,有人将这一过程描述为"过敏进程"(allergy march),而食物过敏通常是这一进程的第1步[1].