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Primary osteoporosis, a commonly encountered metabolic bone disease in the postmenopausal women and the aged people, can be classified by modern medicine into postmenopausal osteoporosis (Type I) and senile osteoporosis (Type II). The disease seriously affects health and quality of life of the people as it often cause ostealgia, fracture and the secondary symptoms or diseases. Presently, the pharmacotherapy (including both Chinese herbal drugs and western drugs) remains the first among all other therapeutic methods which are mainly adopted in treatment of the disease at home and abroad. Studies related have been curried out quite early and systematically, and considerable progress has been made, but limit of the pharmacotherapy has also been found. Certain non-drug treatments (such as dietetic therapy, physical exercise, acupuncture and moxibustion, and qigong, especially acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, although with a late start, have been proved effective with satisfactory results. The following is a summary of all the contributions concerned.
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绝经后骨质疏松症的诊断与防治
绝经后骨质疏松症是常见的一种原发性骨质疏松,其特征是发生在绝经后(多在绝经后5~10年内发病),主要由绝经引起,而不是由疾病或长期应用药物所引起.
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绝经后骨质疏松症防治的进展
低骨量及快速的骨质丢失是发生骨质疏松症的决定性因素.女性的峰值骨量明显低于男性,40岁后骨质还会伴随年龄的增长出现缓慢的丢失.绝经后由于卵巢功能减退,骨失去了雌激素的保护作用致使骨转换率明显增高,骨丢失加速,年丢失骨量约占总骨量的2.5%,甚者可高达5%,该过程持续约5~10年,尤以绝经后的前3年骨丢失速度快.当绝经后妇女的骨量减少,骨密度(Bone MineralDensity,BMD)达到峰值BMD的-2.5S或以下即为绝经后骨质疏松症(Postmenopausal Osteoporosis,PMO).
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绝经后骨质疏松症的激素补充治疗
INTRODUCTIONEstrin attaches importance to development of skeleton and sustain of bone quantity.Level of estrin drops significantly after mentopause and rebuilding of bone loses balance.Absorption of bone is more than synthesis of bone and losing rate rate of bone fastens.The accelerated losing of bone occurs in the period of menstrual disorder perimenopausal period. To healthy worn, losing quantity of bone accounted for 3% to 10% on first year of menopause and 6% to 14%on second and third year.It is estimated that woman will lose 50%of bone quantity of lumbar vertebrae and 30% of bone quantity of corter, which was respectively 30% and 20% in man. The loss of skeleton after menopause occurs firetly at lumbar vertebrae and spongy bone in the end of long bone, which was often combined with changes of bonne structure Generally speaking,once bone quantity drops 10%, the risk of fracture adds one time.
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钙剂在绝经后骨质疏松症防治中的合理应用
骨质疏松症(Osteoporosis,OP)是一种以骨量低下、骨微结构破坏,导致骨脆性增加,易发生骨折为特征的全身性骨病(WHO,1994).