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我国生物材料科学与工程已跨入国际先进水平——记中国生物材料科技和产业现状与发展对策沙龙
为迎接2012年第9届世界生物材料大会在中国召开,探讨中国生物医用材料和植入器械产业与国际的差距,加快中国生物医用材料和植入器械的发展,"中国生物材料科技和产业现状与发展对策沙龙"于5月13日在北京中国工程院举行.
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皮肤修复材料的发展历程——理念与技术的融合
人类对皮肤的认识是一个逐渐深入的过程,初认为皮肤是单纯屏障器官,后来意识到其是机体与外界环境进行物质和信息交换的器官,如今发现皮肤既是免疫反应的效应器官同时又是主动参与启动和调节机体许多免疫反应的器官,与此同时人类对皮肤损伤修复材料的探索也是一个逐渐深入的过程.
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Tissue engineering technologies offer new treatment strategies for the repair of peripheral nerve injury, but cell loss between seeding and adhesion to the scaffold remains inevitable. A thermo-sensitive collagen hydrogel was used as an extracellular matrix in this study and combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to construct tissue-engineered peripheral nerve compos-ites in vitro. Dynamic culture was performed at an oscillating frequency of 0.5 Hz and 35° swing angle above and below the horizontal plane. The results demonstrated that bone marrow mesen-chymal stem cells formed membrane-like structures around the poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds and exhibited regular alignment on the composite surface. Collagen was used to ifll in the pores, and seeded cells adhered onto the poly-L-lactic acid ifbers. The DNA content of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was higher in the composites constructed with a thermosensitive colla-gen hydrogel compared with that in collagen I scaffold controls. The cellular DNA content was also higher in the thermosensitive collagen hydrogel composites constructed with the thermo-sensitive collagen hydrogel in dynamic culture than that in static culture. These results indicate that tissue-engineered composites formed with thermosensitive collagen hydrogel in dynamic culture can maintain larger numbers of seeded cells by avoiding cell loss during the initial adhe-sion stage. Moreover, seeded cells were distributed throughout the material.
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组织工程技术的发展现状及趋势(三)——组织工程用生物材料的研究
1 组织工程用生物材料的概述生物材料又称生物医用材料,是指用于对生物体进行诊断、治疗和置换损伤组织、器官或增进其功能的材料[1].按发展阶段分为生物惰性材料、生物活性可降解材料以及细胞和基因活化的材料3大类.
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Objective: To make attempts to use cell constructs from subconfluent keratinocyte cultures, which contain a much glue (TissucollR) and directly applied onto full thickness wounds in athymic mice or combined with allogenic split thickness overgrafts and compared with cultured sheet grafts. This keratinocyte fibrin glue suspension (KFGS) has also been used in burns up to 88% burned TBSA as well as in chronic wounds. Keratinocytes were also seeded onto various biomaterials (BiobraneR, HYAFF LaserskinR, IntegraTM, TissuFascieR) as carriers. Results: Human suspended keratinocytes were effective to reorganize to skin in vivo both in nude mice and in patients and superior if compared to sheet grafts. 3~ 5 d after seeding onto various biomaterials, cell reached subconfluence and were ready for grafting. These cell-membrane constructs were always tured on microspheres in spinner cultures could increase the cell yield, and the subconfluently covered microspheres were directly grafted onto" the wound. Conclusion: These experiments demonstrated that keratinocytes can grow on a variety of carrier materials in vitro and these cell constructs were able to spontaneously reform a multilayer neoepithelium in vivo. The current screening looks for the ideal carrier for keratinocytes that also would serve as a temporary wound cover and induce dermis formation by tissue conduction which further may be enhanced by gene therapy.