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FLUID AND CARBOHYDRATEREPLACEMENT DURING EXERCISE:HOW MUCH AND WHY?
KEY POINTS1.During prolonged exercise in the heat, peoplecan become dehydrated at a rate of 1-2L everyhour (about 2-4lbs of body weight loss per hour).The rate of dehydration can be monitored byrecording changes in nude body weight. Each poundof weight loss corresponds to 450 ml (15 fluidounces) of dehydration.
关键词: weight loss Body weight -
Objectives To assess weight loss efficacy ,safety and tolerability of sibutramine in simple obese subjects.Methods Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Four hospital outpatient clinics in Shanghai, Chongqing, Shandong and Tianjin, respectively. Participants: 233 men and women, 18-65 years old, with body mass index (BMI) ranging from 27 to 40*!kg/m2 were randomly divided into an intervened group and a placebo control group. Sibutramine 10 mg or placebo once a day. Main outcome measures: Body weight, routine laboratory and clinical safety monitoring.Results Of 233 eligible patients, 120 received sibutramine and 113 received placebo. Weight reduction was significantly greater in the intervened group (6.8±3.1) kg than the placebo control group (0.48±2.6) kg from week 4 onwards to week 24 (P<0.001). Some minor side effects were noticed in the subjects who took sibutramine. But the symptoms were light and short term. Sibutramine was will tolerated.Conclusions Sibutramine 10*!mg once a day is an effective an safe therapy for weight reduction in simple over-weighted and obese subjects.
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肥胖的内科和外科治疗对YY肽和食欲的不同影响——一项关于体重减轻的前瞻性对照研究
本研究的目的是探讨在治疗前肥胖程度和治疗后体重下降幅度均相似的肥胖症患者中,内科疗法和两种外科手术对体内YY肽(PYY)水平以及饥饿和饱腹感的影响.对象和方法本项目为非随机化前瞻性研究,包括3组体重指数(BMI)相互匹配的肥胖症患者,后者选自"医学院职工肥胖治疗计划".
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减重和运动干预对肥胖老年人骨代谢和骨量的影响:一项为期一年的随机对照试验
肥胖可加重老年人体能的衰退,导致身体虚弱,影响生活质量,使养老院的入住率增加.在美国,由于老年人的数量及肥胖发生率的增长,老年肥胖已成为公共健康问题.
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可调节胃束带减重术失败后修正手术的选择
外科手术已经被证明是目前唯一能够长期、确切、有效治疗病态肥胖的手段。作为减重手术中的经典术式,腹腔镜胃束带术( laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding,LAGB)已被证明是安全、易行的术式,既往曾被广泛开展。据统计,2008年全球胃束带术占所有减重手术的42.3%,仅次于胃旁路术(laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass,LRYGB)[1]。但长期的临床实践表明,胃束带手术的远期效果并不令人满意。一项针对术后超过12年的患者的临床研究表明, LAGB术后患者远期多余体重减少率( percentage of excess weight loss,% EWL )仅为42.8%,而再手术率则为49.8%[2]。越来越多的LAGB患者因各种原因需要接受修正手术,而LAGB修正手术的选择也成为减重外科研究的新方向。
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英文医学试题选
1.A 63-year-old woman complains of abdominal discomfort,anorexia,and a 10-1b weight loss over a 3-month period.Endoscopy reveals a polypoid lesion in the gastric antrum.She is informed that she has "early gastric cancer":
关键词: 英文 医学 Gastric Cancer weight loss -
Malnutrition occurs frequently in patients with cancer. Indeed, a variety of nutritional and tumor-related factors must be taken into account in these patients. Recognizing this relationship, we aimed to prospectively evaluate the risk factors that influence weight loss in patients undergoing radiotherapy with oral nutritional supplementation and dietetic counseling. Weight loss of 74 patients during radiotherapy and 1 month after treatment was analyzed. Parameters such as age, gender, tumor location, tumor stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) score, and the use of chemotherapy were analyzed to evaluate their influence on weight loss. All patients underwent oral nutritional supplementation and dietetic counseling. Forty-six (65.7%) patients lost weight, with a mean weight loss of (4.73 ± 3.91) kg, during radiotherapy. At 1 month after treatment, 45 (66.2%) patients lost weight, presenting a mean weight loss of (4.96 ± 4.04) kg, corresponding to a (6.84 ± 5.24)% net reduction from their baseline weight. Head and neck cancer patients had a mean weight loss of (3.25 ± 5.30) kg, whereas the remaining patients had a mean weight loss of (0.64 ± 2.39) kg (P=0.028) during radiotherapy. In the multivariate analysis, the head and neck tumor location (P = 0.005), use of chemotherapy (P = 0.011), and ECOG PS score of 2-3 (P = 0.026) were considered independent risk factors. Nutritional status and parameters, such as tumor location (especially the head and neck), the use of chemotherapy, and the ECOG PS score, should be evaluated before radiotherapy because these factors can influence weight loss during radiotherapy and 1 month after treatment.
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瘦身耳贴为脂肪搬家
关键词: 瘦身 脂肪 搬家 weight loss -
非手术减肥的研究进展
在软组织中脂肪组织占大部分的体积,其形态大小是动态变化的,并取决于所含脂肪细胞的数目和成熟脂肪细胞的体积,此变化过程受体内外各种因素调节.软组织形态异常导致肥胖,通过了解体内外各种因素的调节机制有可能为软组织形态异常的修复找到新的治疗方法和方向,目前日渐成为整形外科的研究热点.