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骨生化指标在骨肿瘤中的临床应用进展
骨肿瘤是起源于间充质细胞，发生于骨组织及其附属结构的一类良、恶性肿瘤的总称，骨肿瘤的发病率女性约为1.060/10万，男性约为1.112/10万，虽属少见的肿瘤类型，但对人体的危害大，特别是恶性肿瘤，目前疗效虽然提高，但仍不令人满意，发病趋势呈年轻，在骨科领域中占有重要地位[1]。正常的骨代谢是骨生成和骨吸收的动态平衡，这种平衡主要有骨组织中成骨细胞或破骨细胞维持，当这种平衡被打破时就会表现出各种骨疾病。骨生成和骨吸收异常伴随的生化指标及导致骨生成和骨吸收变化的相关因素均可作为骨肿瘤的生物标记。随着分子生物学技术的发展，有望通过检测骨肿瘤患者体内的生化指标变化达到早期诊断和治疗的目的。现在就骨组织生化指标在骨肿瘤患者诊治中的研究作一综述，以探讨他们的临床应用价值。
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间隙连接通讯功能对小剂量甲状旁腺激素成骨效应调控的机制
AIM: To investigate mediating and regulatory effects of osteoblastic gap junctional intercelinlar communication(GJIC) on low-dose parathyroid hormones(PTH) -stimulated bone formation activities in vitro. METHODS: Rat calvarial osteoblasts (ROBs) in cultures were divided into three groups according to the different mode of exposure. Group A: vehicle (sodium acetate, SA) -treated group; Group B: 1 × 10-8 mol/L hPTH(1 -34) intermittent exposure group; Group C: 1 × 10-8 mol/L hPTH(1 - 34) + 1 × 10-7mol/L TPA exposure group. 48 h incubation cycles in three groups were repeated for eignt times. GJIC and mineralized bone nodules formation in three groups were detected using Lucifer Yellow (LY) scrape loading dye transfer (SLDT) and mineralized nodule staining together with nodule index, respectively. RESUITS: At various measuring time points of SA × 6 h in group A, PTH × 6 hin group B, PTH×6h+1 hingroupBandPTH×6h+TPA×1 bin group C, LY( + ) cell numbers were 6. 8 ±2.5, 19.5 ±6.5, 14.0 ± 3.6 and 5.7 ± 2.4, respectively. Diffusion and transfer of LY fluorescent probe was much more noticeably discerned in group B than in group A and C( P ＜ 0.01 ) Mineralized bone nodule indices were 45.2 ± 12.5, 88.0 ± 15.3 and 38. 5 ± 17.9 in group A, B and C respectively. Bone formation activity was much better reveaied in group B than in group A and C ( P ＜ 0. 01 ),whereas no statistically significant difference of bone formation activities were found in group A compared with group C( P =0. 465) . CONCLUSION:Mediations aod regulations of the coordinating signals in ostooblastic network via GJIC essentially contribute to PTH-stimulated bone anabolism. However, disruption of GJIC not only hinders ostooblastic intercellular coordination but also frustrates PTH-induced bone formation activities in vitro. Therefore, GJIC may evidently play important roles in regulations on low-dose PTH-induced bone formation.
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Survivin activity in normal human osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells
PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate and compare in vitro survivin activity in normal human os-teoblast and MG-63 osteosarcoma cell cultures with and without vitamin D3. METHODS: Normal human alveolar bone explants were recovered from extraction sites of non-carious teeth of 9 healthy donors and cultured to the 2nd passage. MG-63 osteosarcoma cells were obtained from ATCC. To compare the survivin activities in these two types of cells and to determine the effect of vitamin D3 on survivin expression and associated activities of cell proliferation and differentiation, levels of survivin, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase were measured at 7-20 day cultures with and without vitamin D3 in both cultures of normal osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells. Matched pair t-test and two sample independent t-test were applied for statistical analysis of the data. P values of 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A significantly higher level of survivin was detected in normal osteoblasts compared to osteosarcoma cells at 7 days without vitamin D3 treatment (P<0.01). Survivin expression in normal osteoblasts significantly decreased after vitamin D3 treatment at 7 days (P<0.05), but not at 20 days of culture (P=NS), compared to that in normal osteoblast culture without vitamin D3 treatment. Vitamin D3 had no effect on survivin expression in osteosarcoma cells at 7 or 20 days (P=NS). CONCLUSIONS: Expression of survivin in cultured normal human osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells was positively identified. There is a positive correlation between higher expression of survivin and less differentiated osteoblasts that still retain their proliferative ability. Vitamin D3 has significant negative effect on expression of survivin in normal human osteoblasts but not on that in osteosarcoma cells.
