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可溶型鸟苷酸环化酶(sGC)的激活能够逆转实验性肺动脉高压
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c-myc反义寡核苷酸对血管成形术后内膜增殖和重逆影响的实验研究(摘要)
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AIM:To investigate the effects of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived exosomes (hiPSC-exo) on cell viability, capillary-like structure formation , and senescence in endothelial cells exposed to high glucose .METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from the conditional medium of hiPSCs and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy , nanoparticle tracking analysis , and Western blot analysis using Alix and CD63 as markers.hiPSC-exo were labeled with PKH26 for tracking.Cultured HUVECs were treated with high glucose (33 mmol/L) with or without hiPSC-exo (20 mg/L) for 48 h, and cell viability, capillary tube formation, and senescence were assessed .RESULTS:hiPSC-exo showed a typical cup shape and could be taken up by human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a concentration-dependent manner.When exposed to high glucose, viability and tube formation in HUVECs was signifi-cantly reduced, whereas the proportion of senescent cells was higher compared to that in control HUVECs (P<0.01).Furthermore, hiPSC-exo restored cell viability and capillary-like structure formation , and reduced senescence in HUVECs exposed to high glucose (P<0.01).However, hiPSC-exo had minimal effects on normal HUVECs.Therefore, stem cell-derived exosomes can promote cell proliferation, enhance capillary-like structure formation , and reduce senescence in endothelial cells exposed to high glucose . CONCLUSION:Our study highlights the role of exosomes derived from hiPSC and may provide a new strategy for maintaining vascular health, preventing vascular aging , and avoiding pathological vascular remodeling that occurs in many diseases .
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祖细胞归巢与低氧性肺动脉高压
肺循环阻力的增加和肺动脉高压是导致肺心病的重要原因,各种低氧性肺动脉高压(hypoxia pulmonary hypertension,HPH)的主要病理改变是肺血管重塑(pulmonary vascular remodeling,PVR).长期慢性低氧可以导致肺动脉结构改变即发生血管重塑.低氧情况下,骨髓或者外周血祖细胞可以归巢至肺动脉而参与低氧性PVR的形成.
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肺血管重建在低氧性肺动脉高压中的作用及其机制
低氧性肺动脉高压(HPH)是慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)发展到肺心病的中心环节,多年来对HPH的发生机制进行了深入的研究,目前认为HPH的形成主要与低氧性肺血管收缩(HPV)和肺血管重建(pulmonary vascular remodeling)有关.
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Bone is a highly vascularized tissue, although this aspect of bone is often overlooked. In this article, the importance of blood flow in bone repair and regeneration will be reviewed. First, the skeletal vascular anato-my, with an emphasis on long bones, the distinct mechanisms for vascularizing bone tissue, and methods for remodeling existing vasculature are discussed. Next, techniques for quantifying bone blood flow are briefly summarized. Finally, the body of experimental work that demonstrates the role of bone blood flow in fracture healing, distraction osteogenesis, osteoporosis, disuse osteopenia, and bone grafting is examined. These results illustrate that adequate bone blood flow is an important clinical consideration, particularly during bone regeneration and in at-risk patient groups.