The effect of Batroxobin expression of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in left temporal ischemic rats with spatial memory disorder was investigated by means of Morri's water maze and immunohistochemical methods. The results showed that the mean reaction time and distance of temporal ischemic rats for searching a goal were significantly longer than those of sham-operated rats and at the same time NCAM expression of left temporal ischemic region was significantly increased. However, the mean reaction time and distance of Batroxobin-treated rats were shorter and they used normal strategies more often and earlier than those of ischemic rats. The number of NCAM immune reactive cells of Batroxobin-treated rats was more than that of ischemic group. In conclusion, Batroxobin can improve spatial memory disorder of temporal ischemic rats and the regulation of the expression of NCAM is probably related to the neuroprotective mechanism.

精神分裂症患者心理旋转的优势半球效应

背景心理旋转(mental rotation)是一种想象客体或自我旋转的空间表征转换能力.精神分裂症患者的心理旋转能力受损.目的记录精神分裂症患者和健康对照者完成正像和镜像心理旋转任务时的脑电生理指标,比较这些指标的差异,深入评估精神分裂症患者的认知损害情况.方法对来自解放军第三医院精神科32例精神分裂症患者和29例健康对照者在完成正像和镜像的心理旋转任务时的事件相关电位测定,比较两组错误发生比例、反应时以及事件相关电位的脑地形图.结果对照组正像与镜像的错误率比较无明显差异,正像与镜像的反应时间亦无明显差异.而患者组镜像的平均(标准差)错误率比正像高 [42%(6%)比32%(9%),t=2.64,p=0.031],患者组镜像的反应时比正像长 [587(11)ms比571(18)ms,t=2.83,p=0.028].无论是镜像还是正像,患者组Pz(顶区)、Cz(中央区)、P3(左侧顶区)和P4(右侧顶区)的P500波幅均低于对照组.与P3极点相比,两组正像和镜像P4点波幅都偏高.结论精神分裂症患者正像和镜像心理旋转能力都受损.患者大脑左半球心理旋转能力减弱,反应时缩短,对正像与镜像反应存在差异,这些都与对照组不同.研究提示完成心理旋转任务时特定的脑地形图可作为诊断精神分裂症的一个辅助参考指标.

To analyze the process of hand-timing and the resulting data collected from the hand-timing computer system(HTCS),including the timing operator′s reaction times of starting and stopping the watch,the results from the timing,the simulated electronic timing,the major factor that affects the time-keeper′s accuracy of time-keeping were studied,i.e.the stability of the time-keeper′s reaction time,rather than the time-keeper′s reation time.The leading cause that inflicts error between the hand-time-keeping and the electrionic time-keeping consists in the pitfall that the time-keeper makes a wrong judgment in stopping the watch.The analytical results provide theoretic gist for the selection and training of time-keeping operators.