负极性交变电磁场对脑疲劳患者的作用

目的:观察了清华德人SK-B脑病生理治疗机产生的负极性交变电磁场对脑疲劳患者治疗效果.方法:对40例脑疲劳患者治疗前后心理指标和心算脑反应的变化进行了研究.结果:清华德人SK-B产生的负极性交变电磁场引起脑疲劳患者正慢电位的升高.结论:负极性交变电磁场在一定程度上可以改善脑疲劳患者的脑功能状态.

经颈内动脉内注入真丝线段建立大鼠局灶性脑梗死模型

目的:模仿脑梗死的自然形成过程,尝试建立一种改良的大鼠脑梗死模型.方法:经颈内动脉内注入真丝线段,处理前后脑血管造影证实模型的建立.术后行病理学检查.结果:16只大鼠脑梗死模型建立成功.其中12只为大脑中动脉梗死,4只合并大脑前动脉梗死.结论:经颈内动脉内注入真丝线段可建立大鼠局部脑梗死模型,并可即刻经脑血管造影证实.

晶状体上皮细胞凋亡与白内障发生的分子生物学机制

目的:观察白介素转化酶3(Caspase-3)在白内障晶状体上皮细胞中的表达及与凋亡的关系.方法:经手术收集25只白内障晶状体前囊膜以及胚胎晶状体(6只)和成人透明晶状体(4只)的前囊膜,采用免疫组织化学染色的方法观察Caspase-3的表达及染色强度.并对Caspase-3在年龄相关性白内障与并发性白内障中的表达进行比较.结果:Csspase-3在白内障组有很好的表达,在年龄相关性白内障组16只中14只呈阳性表达,在并发性白内障组9只中8只呈阳性表达,在透明晶状体没有表达;在年龄相关性白内障与并发性白内障之间没有显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:凋亡在白内障的发生中存在.

A型肉毒毒素抑制大鼠胃平滑肌收缩的放射免疫测定

目的:在胃肌层注射A型肉毒毒素(botulinumtoxintype A,BTX-A)后,P物质(substance P,SP)是否参与BTX-A抑制胃平滑肌收缩调节,尤其是局部短期变化,并探讨BTX-A的作用与SP的关系,为临床疗效提供新思路.方法:健康雄性Wistar大鼠14只,随机分为BTX-A组及对照组,在胃体前壁与幽门部交界线中点平滑肌内注射BTX-A 5 U(25 U/ml),或者生理盐水0.2 ml;注射3 min后切取局部前壁组织行放射免疫测定.结果:胃前壁注射区局限性膨出,逐渐加剧;未见蠕动波/收缩波通过局部.从切取待测的胃前壁侧面观:厚度与周围比较无明显界限,但皱襞减少、变浅.BTX-A组SP平均含量较对照组低39%(P＜0.05).结论:经腹腔在胃前壁注射BTX-A后,不但阻碍了局部粘膜下神经丛或者肌间神经丛突触前膜乙酰胆碱释放,而且也抑制了SP,导致胃平滑肌收缩功能障碍.

倍频激光对视网膜静脉阻塞患者视功能康复的作用

目的:评价倍频激光对视网膜静脉阻塞患者视功能康复的作用.方法:对58例(58只眼)视网膜静脉阻塞患者行倍频Nd:YAG激光治疗,随访时间3～20个月,平均9.2个月.结果:激光治疗后52例有效.光凝后视力进步36只眼;视力不变20只眼;视力下降2只眼.结论:倍频激光治疗视网膜静脉阻塞,可有效地保护患者视功能.

主观睡眠质量与抑郁症患者自杀的关系

AIM: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between sleepquality and suicidality in major depressive patients. METHOD: 124 patientswith CCMD-2-R major depression were asseseed with the Pittsburgh sleepquality index (PSQI) and the schedule for affective disorders and schizophre-nia (SADS) suicide subscale aa well as the Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) . RESULTS: Suicidal depressive patients had significantly higherscores of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleepefficiency and PSQI global scores than nonsuicidal patients. Significant corre-lations were found between the SADS suicide subscale scores and the measuresof PSQI. CONCLUSION: An association exists between poor subjective sleepquality and suicidal behavior in patients with major depression. Serotonergicdysregulation may play a key role in underlying mechanisms of the association.

腰椎和股骨颈骨质疏松症1087例患病率比较分析

AIM: To discuss the effect of measuring sites to diagnosis of osteoporo-sis. METHODS: 1 087 subjects were measured at both hip and lumbervertebra sites by DEXA. T4 - L4 X-ray were taken and the compressive frac-tttre person were screened. To compare osteoporosis prevalence at differentsite and determine which site was sensitive to diagnosis of ostoopore-sis. RESULTS: BMD in both site was gradually decreasing with age in-creasing. BMD of female was lower than that of male. The prevalence of os-teoporosis at hip was higher than that at lumbar vetebra for men and theprevalence of osteoporosis at lumber was higher than that at hip in wom-en. CONCLUSION: BMD at lumbar vetebra as a indicator to diagnosis ofosteoporosis is better than BMD at hip for women.

平板运动实验所致血管迷走性晕厥的原因分析

AIM: To evaluate the treadmill exercise test on vasovagal syncope and theavoidance steps. METHOD: Examination of treadmill exercise test of 64acults and analyse of the history, pretest heart rate, the maximum heart rate,metabolic equivalent(MET) and tilt table test. RESULTS: Exercise tolerancesin both groups were same with significantly increase of syncope history (43/64,67% in syncope group, while 11/64 or 9% in the controls ) and lower basicheart rate of the subjects(74±11 in the syncope group; 66±10 in the con-trols, with P＜0.01 statistically) in the syncope group. HUTT positive sub-jects were significantly more in the syncope group (48/64, 75% ) than in thecontrols(2/64), with P＜0.01 statistically. CONCLUSION: The exercisesyncope was based on the pretest heart rate and previous syncopal history ratherthan the exercise tolerance in health adults. It suggested an underlying abnor-mality which my predispose to exercise subjects with vasovagal syncope.

高危新生儿的早期干预和管理

目的:医学的进步使得高危儿的存活率提高的,同时神经系统后遗症的发生率也增加,为改善这类患儿的预后,探讨早期干预对其智能发育的影响.方法:采用家庭干预模式,参照鲍氏早期教育资料对干预组进行干预并行智能测定.结果:干预组在1、2岁智力发育指数(97±16;104±12)、运动发育指数(90±12;96±12),明显高于未干预组(87±12;93±14和81±12;88±13),差异有显著性(P均＜0.01),可达对照组水平(101±9;107±11和95±12;97±10).干预组康复率92.5%,而未干预组仅为75%,两组相比差异显著(x2=4.4,P＜0.05).结论:对高危儿进行早期干预,系统管理,其智能发育可达正常同龄儿水平,明显减少伤残发生.

失语症早期康复的方法及疗效

目的:探讨失语症早期康复的方法及疗效.方法:将60例失语症患者随机分为早期康复组、延迟康复组、对照组.合理组合语言调练手段进行1个月的治疗.用中国康复中心失语检查法(Chinese rehabilitation researchcenter aphasia examination,CRRCAE)在治疗前后进行评价并进行3组间比较.结果:治疗前3组间CRRCAE评分无显著差异(P＞0.05).治疗后,早期康复组和延迟康复组与对照组比,均有极显著差异(P＜0.01).早期康复组与延迟康复组比,有显著差异(P＜0.05).结论:(1)语言康复训练对失语症患者语言功能的恢复有肯定疗效.(2)早期语言康复较延迟康复,康复效果更明显.(3)合理组合语言训练手段更适合个体化的治疗.

人工心脏起搏器对高龄患者生活质量及预后的影响

目的:对比安装单心室或双腔心脏起搏器对高龄患者术后生活质量及预后的影响.方法:136例大于70岁的高龄患者安装起搏器术后(3.5±2.1)年,观察生活质量分级、运动能力、生存率、心功能等指标.结果:两组起搏器术后生存率无明显差异(93.7%与94.2%,P＞0.05).运动总时间、距离、生活质量均明显改善,但两组对比无明显差异.起搏器综合征仅发生于单心室起搏者(27.1%).单心室起搏者术后左房内径(3.82±0.21)大于双腔起搏者(3.38±0.41),心功能两组间无差别(P＜0.05).结论:无论是单心室起搏还是双腔起搏术后均能满足高龄患者的基本生活需求、改善生活质量,双腔起搏更能满足老年患者心脏生理特性.

脑卒中患者早期强化康复治疗的卫生经济学评价

目的:中国的脑卒中康复缺少强化康复与一般康复的对照研究,亦无早期康复的卫生经济学评价.对脑卒中患者早期康复进行卫生经济学评价,观察早期强化康复后患者能否缩短住院日,减少医疗费用.方法:用分层区组随机法将患者分入两组.用成本效果分析进行卫生经济学评价.结果:强化康复组患者神经功能缺损积分每减少1分、总的生活能力每提高1级、日常生活活动能力每提高1分需分别花费人民币1267.8元、6 508.0元和411.0元.而一般康复组则分别需花费1875.4元、10 462.4元和2 422.1元.2组患者住院时间及医疗费用无显著性差异.结论:早期强化康复在降低患者神经功能缺损积分、提高患者总的生活能力等级及日常生活活动能力上较一般康复有更好疗效.强化康复在脑卒中早期康复中更为经济.

康复中心与住院部乳腺癌患者的应付方式及人格对照研究

目的:探讨乳腺癌患者心理干预的方法.方法:对乳腺癌患者123例其中社区康复中心29例,住院部94例,采用1998年谢亚宁编制的简易应对方式问卷、1986年龚耀先修订的艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck person-ality questionnaire,EPQ)进行对照研究.结果:两组调查对象的应付方式及人格均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).康复中心应付方式积极因子项得分17±8,消极因子项得分8±5,住院部应付方式积极因子项得分16±9,消极因子项得分7±5;康复中心人格精神病质4.2±2.6,内外倾向9.7±5.2,神经质13.1±5.6,住院部人格精神病质4.3±2.4,内外倾向9.7±4.2,神经质11.1±5.3.结论:社区康复中心内外的乳腺癌患者应付方式和人格没有本质区别.

氟西汀对脑卒中后非抑郁患者神经功能康复的影响

目的:了解氟西汀对脑卒中后非抑郁患者神经功能康复的影响.方法:60例脑卒中后非抑郁患者按入院时间分为治疗组(30例)对照组(30例),除脑卒中后常规的药物治疗和康复训练指导外,治疗组加用氟西汀20mg/d,分别在治疗前,治疗后30,60d用汉密抑郁量表(HAMD),汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA),MESS,ADL评价患者的情绪和神经功能.结果:发现治疗组在30 d时ADL改善与对照组在统计学上有显著差异(P＜0.05),在60d时MESSS和ADL的改善与对照组在统计学上有显著性差异(P＜0.05),而两组在治疗前、治疗30,60d,HAMD、RAMA评分均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:氟西汀能够改善卒中后非印郁患者的神经功能,其机制的确与抗抑郁作用无关,可能是氟西汀能提高突触间隙5-羟色胺(5-HT)的浓度,促进5-HT突触的传递作用,来改善神经运动功能,促进脑损伤后神经功能的恢复.

无症状性脑梗死患者智能、记忆和情感的相关性

目的:探讨无症状性脑梗死(asymptomatic cerebral infarction,ACI)与智能、记忆和情感的关系.方法:采用龚氏修订的韦氏成人智力量表中国版、记忆量表中国版、抑郁及焦虑自评量表,对60例ACI患者及相匹配的40例正常对照组以及50例症状性脑梗死(symptomaticcerebral infarction,SCI)组进行检查研究.结果:ACI组大部分分测验值明显低于正常对照组(P＜0.01～0.05),但与SCI组无显著差异;38例智力低于正常,其中14例出现智能障碍;47例记忆力低于正常,其中记忆障碍者25例;不同梗死区域及数量有认知功能损害的特点;ACI组抑郁发生率及SDS标准分均明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.01),SAS标准分与正常对照组比较无差异;有抑郁症状着29例;抑郁组各智商及记忆商显著低于正常组(P＜0.01),非抑郁组语言智商(verbal intelligence quotient,ⅥQ)显著低于正常组(P＜0.05).结论:ACI患者存在明显认知功能障碍,多发性梗死、双侧梗死和抑郁情绪更易产生认知功能障碍.

量子血管外照射200例高血脂患者血脂及血液流变学分析

0 引言高血脂是引发脑血管病重要的病因之一,门诊医生对这类患者常常以口服降脂药物治疗,经观察长期服用降脂药物,可损伤肝脏,引起转氨酶升高.为此,本科引进量子血管外照射治疗高血脂病,经过2年观察,现总结如下.

高压氧对老年糖尿病血液流变学的影响

0 引言近年来利用高压氧治疗糖尿病取得良好的疗效,本文对老年糖尿病患者血液流变学指标进行观察.以探讨高压氧治疗糖尿病的机制.

γ一干扰素联合治疗难治性类风湿关节炎

0 引言类风湿关节炎(RA)目前尚无特效治疗方法,现大多采用联合治疗,经过治疗一些患者的症状得到控制,甚至完全缓解.但仍有很多患者病情持续或反复,难以控制.近年来在原联合治疗的基础上加用重组人γ-干扰素以探讨其疗效.

高压氧疗法对脑电图的影响

0 引言脑电图异常治疗的研究较多,但高压氧疗法对脑电图影响的报道不多.本文的目的旨在通过观察高压氧治疗前后脑电图变化情况及与临床的关系,试图寻找一种脑电图异常的另一种有效治疗方法.

低能量氨-氖激光血管内照射治疗帕金森病32例

0 引言帕金森病治疗时间长,药物副作用大,还有不少患者药物疗效欠佳.目前开展的手术治疗等方法价格昂贵,部分患者难以承受,且复发率高.故近年来医务医务工作者致力研究帕金森病患者的综合治疗方法.本院自1993年以来采用低能量氨-氖激光血管内照射辅助治疗帕金森病探讨其疗法.

精神分裂症患者痊愈后哺乳期常见心理问题调查及调适策略

0 引言产后产妇需要从妊娠期及分娩期的不适、疼痛、焦虑中恢复,需要接纳新成员及新家庭,具有易受暗示和依赖性强的特点,变得心理脆弱、感情敏感,特别是痊愈后的精神分裂症患者情绪起伏更大.

抑郁症、精神分裂症脑结构异常的MRI研究

目的:探讨精神分裂症和抑部症脑结构改变特点.方法:研究51例首发精神分裂症、32例抑部症和23例健康志愿者.以PANSS和HAMD减分率评定疗效.MRI测量第三脑室横径在内的17条径线.结果:病例组第三脑室横径、双侧外侧裂宽度显著增宽,胼胝体厚度显著减少.脑结构异常与疗效之间缺乏普遍相关.结论:脑结构异常可能构成了疾病的神经生物学基础,它们与疗效的关系尚有待进一步研究.

井下作业工人心理健康状况调查

1 材料和方法1.1 材料按整群抽样的方法,于2001-12/2002-03抽取孔庄矿和徐庄矿部分掘进队、皮带队等井下作业工人264人作为研究对象,同时调查同单位后勤工作人员316人作为对照.

酒精依赖患者的社会心理特点分析

目的:了解酒精依赖患者的社会心理特点,为制订相应的心理措施提供依据.方法:采用90项症状自评量表、社会支持量表、艾森克个性问卷、心理防御方式问卷等对60例酒精依赖患者进行测试,并与60例健康人群作对照.结果:酒精依赖患者人际关系敏感、敌对.心理防御方式、人格、社会支持等心理社会因素的缺陷是形成酒精依赖的主要因素.结论:提高酒精依赖者的心理社会素质、加强早期心理社会干预是治疗和顶防酒精依赖的有效措施之一.

认知行为疗法在抑郁症治疗中的作用

目的:从护理角度探讨认知行为疗法在抑郁症治疗中的作用.方法:将84例抑郁症患者随机分为2组,采用单纯药物治疗和联合认知行为治疗,以Beck抑郁自评量表(BDI)、Hamilton抑郁量表17项(HAMD)、Beck制定的功能失调性状况评定量表(DAS)、社会功能缺陷状况评定量表(SDSS)量表为评定工具进行评定.结果:出院时2组BDI、HAMD、DAS评分较治疗前有明显下降(P＜0.05),但联合治疗组DAS评分较单纯药物治疗组下降更明显(P＜0.01).出院后1年,2组BDI、HAMD、DAS评分比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:抑郁症状与认知障碍有密切相关,认知行为治疗对抑郁症的预后起重要作用,在整体护理中认知行为疗法作为精神病患者心理护理的重要手段之一.

心理咨询对卫生学校新生心理健康状况的影响

0 引言健康的精神状况首先要求能够判断出什么样的精神状况是正常的,什么样的精神状况是是异常的.这个问题看似简单,实际的情况是大多数人不能正确判断.如,有一些强迫症状何时不是强迫症,正常人可不可以有焦虑情绪等.

环境和康复

人类的工作和行为必然与环境相关,环境是人类全部活动的一部分,环境是人们通过活动达到目的的途径.如果个人活动不适应人类的生存环境,它将不会长久存在.反之,如果不断关注与自己相关的环境,将会更加容易地达到活动的目的.环境在康复领域中的影响,很早就被关注到.康复中的环境包含了人类个体外在的全部因素,其分类方式较多.在康复评定中,针对环境有部分常用的评定方法.在康复治疗中,通过环境干预可以治疗疾病.

康复科入院患者情感状态与生活自理能力关系调查

0 引言康复科住院患者多因各种重大生活事件导致肢体功能的残疾,这种重大生活事件在引起患者肢体功能残疾的同时,往往造成急性心理创伤体验,如形成慢性长期负性心理应激会使患者对医护人员的治疗或护理产生抵触、消极态度,从而影响患者的肢体功能康复.

康复治疗改善慢性精神分裂症患者精神残疾41例报告

0 引言如何改善慢性精神分裂症患者的社会功能,延缓精神衰退?文章对长期住院的慢性精神患者,经康复科1年的康复治疗后,对精神残疾进行观察分析.

门诊精神分裂症患者家属康复教育需求的调查

0 引言精神分裂症患者由于缺乏自知力,大多需要家属的照顾,对精神分裂症患者家属开展健康教育,为他们提供精神分裂症知识,显得尤为重要.目前多数医院都开展了健康教育,到底精神分裂症患者家属需要什么,本院开展了此项调查研究,以了解他们对精神分裂症健康教育的需求.

医学生精神卫生状况调查240例分析

0 引言大学生阶段是青少年进入成人的过渡时期,面临的问题较多,为数不少的大学生患有神经症、重性精神疾病以及存有不同程度的心理问题,而医学生又作为特殊情况的大学生,更需要稳定的心理素质.

急性应激干预的原则和方法

应激干预对维护和促进人类身心健康的有重要意义,重大事件和战争等应激干预研究已成为国家和军队重要课题.急性应激干预根据措施性质和干预对象的差异性分为一般干预方法和特殊干预模式,一般干预方法包括认知干预、社会支持和药物干预,特殊干预模式包括关键事件应激报告(critical incident stress debriefing,CISD)模式、消融干预(defusing intervention)模式和灾难后心理卫生工作策略(disaster mentalhealthwork 8trategies)模式,其中灾难后心理卫生工作策略是由美国国立创伤后应激障碍(poettrsumatic stress disorder, PTSD)研究中心提出的,在"9.11"事件发生后吴有较高的参考和借鉴价值.

支持心理疗法预防精神分裂症复发的疗效

0 引言如何降低精神分裂症患者的复发率,使患者回归社会,对于减轻家属和社会负担,提高患者的生活质量具有重要意义.本文对70例痊愈出院的精神分裂症患者配合支持心理治疗进行了为期1年的对照观察.

社区精神疾病患者的康复

0 引言按照<珠海市残疾人事业"九五"计划纲要>和<珠海市精神病防治康复"九五"实施方案>的要求,拱北街道1997-08被定为珠海市精神病防治康复的试点单位.本院将社区精神病防治康复与社区卫生服务工作相结合,对精神病患者进行社会化、开放式、综合性的精神病防治康复.

用明尼苏达多项个性测查表分析飞行员的精神心理倾向

0 引言飞行员是一个特殊群体,对他们的健康要求与其他群体不同.从理论上讲飞行员除了身体健康符合飞行条件外,还应具有健康的心理素质.明尼苏达多项个性测查表(MMPI)作为一项心理学评估量表在飞行员群体中有较高的信度和效度.采用明尼苏达多项个性测查表对飞行员进行心理学测查,了解飞行员群体中的精神心理倾向,为飞行员的体检鉴定提供一项心理学参考指标.

意象对话技术在心理治疗中的运用

0 引言意象对话技术是由朱建军博士等在20世纪90年代初创立发展起来的一种新的心理治疗技术,其特点在于治疗者使用不经解释的象征性意象与被治疗者进行心理交流,从而了解被治疗者潜意识中的心理冲突并可通过诱导新意象加以解决[1].目前国内对这一治疗技术报道甚少.

护理干预对住院精神分裂症患者恢复期服药依从性的作用

目的:探讨康复护理对精神患者恢复期服药依从性的影响.方法:将200例精神分裂症患者随机分为对照组(A组)和干预组(B组),对B组患者除进行一般常规护理外予以康复护理干预并随访半年,观察干预组精神分裂症患者服药情况及疗效维持情况.结果:精神分裂症患者恢复期B组服药维持治疗情况明显好于A组,BPRS评分较低.结论:护理干预能明显提高精神分裂症患者恢复期服药依从性,宜提早进行.

首发女精神分裂症患者丈夫的心理状况及干预

目的:探讨丈夫在妻子患精神分裂症后的心理状况.方法:对50例住院的首发女精神分裂症患者的丈夫采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和自编的定式调查表进行测评,并根据测评存在的心理问题给予干预.结果:多数首发女精神分裂症患者的丈夫存在明显的焦虑及抑郁情绪,经心理干预后其SAS和SDS评分随之下降.结论:针对患者丈夫的心理问题,做好他们的心理干预工作可提高其心理承受能力.

高压氧促进儿童脑炎受损脑组织修复的疗效观察

BACKGROUND: There are no effective methods to treatmentof epidemic encephalitis B and sporadic encephalitis at present. Inearly stage of disease course, most patients present with coma thatis the inflammatory reaction of brain parenchyma, leads to ischemiaand hypoxia of brain tissue and encephaloedema and was the ex-pression of serious injury of brain tissue.

下鼻甲成形术与骨折秽位术改善慢性鼻炎鼻通气功能

BACKGROUND: Although nasal ventilation can be achievedthrough the partial inferior turbinectomy, mucosa membrane of theinferior turbinal would be damaged widely, so the healing periodwould be long-lasting and might cause dryness of the nasal cavi-ty. It cause no damage to mucosa of the inferior turbinal throughoutward fracture transposition of the inferior turbinal, but the resultis hypertrophy of the inferior turbinal, even if we can have theoutward-fracture bones transposited completely, enough ventilationcan' t be achieved, either. So how to reserve the mucosa and assureenough nasal ventilation is the key point in the txeatment of chronicrhinitis.

2型糖尿病患者骨密度的测定

AIM: To investigate into the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: BMD of lumbar ver-tebrae 2 -4 and femur in 63 cases of patients with type 2 diabetes mel-litua were measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) andwere compared with age, sex and BMI-matched normal controlgroup. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in BMD of lumbarvertebrae 2 -4 in female of menopause with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (P＞0.05), but BMD of total were lower than that of the controls (P＜0. 05), BMD of neck were significantly lower than thai of the controls (P＜0.01); No significant differences were found in BMD of I2-4 and femurin male of 50 years old above with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: BMD of Type 2 diabetes mellitus is different according todifferent sex, BMD of female of menopause with type 2 diabetes mellituswere descended easily, especially in areas of neck BMD, it should cause topay attention to in order to prevent pathologic bone fracture; BMD of maleof 50 years old above with Type 2 diabetes mellitus have no the obviouschanges than that of the controls.

重症肌无力重复神经刺激的研究

AIM: To investigate normal value range of low-frequent repeated nerve stimulation (RNS): whether different low-frequent stimulation and differentmuscles have different normal value range. METHODS: Low-frequent(3 c/s and 5 c/s) RNS of 30 healthy people and 27 myasthenia gravis (MG)patients were test. RESULTS: Superior limit of amplitude of wave attenuationvalue of low-frequent RNS (-x :±2.5s) of different muscles (orbicularis oculimuscle, deltoid muscle and abductor muscle of little finger) of healthy peoplewas 5.45% -7.55%. According to our normal value standard, RNS positiverate of MG group was 85%; according to the current criteria (amplitude ofwave attenuation value＞10%), positive rate of MG group was 70%, therewas no apparent difference in RNS positive rate(P＞0.1). Some labsadopted the criteria that amplitude of wave attenuation value ＞ 15%, ac-cording to this criteria, positive rate of MG group was 51%. Compared withpositive rate (85%) obtained according to our criteria, there was apparentdifference( P ＜0.01). CONCLUSION: Each labs should establish theirown normal value standard according to difference muscle and differentnt fre-quent. If adopt universal standard, amplitude of wave attenuation value 8%or 10% was sugsested.

决明子降低血清胆固醇机制的探讨

AIM: To investigate mechanism of cassia obtusifolia reducing terol.METHODS: Liver cell of the rats were cultured in vitro.14C-cholesterol synthesized in liver cells wers measured with Lowry methodand scintillation counting apparatus.RESULTS:Extract of cassia obtusifoliacaninhibit synthesis of 14C-cholesterol but Cassiaside B didn't affectcholesterol syntbesis.CONCLUSION: One of the mechanism of cassia ob-tusifolia reducing blood cholesterol is nihibiting synthesis of cholesterol tosome extent,while casiaside B reducing is not by inhibiting synthesis of cholesterol.

康复干预促进类风湿患者关节功能恢复846例报告

BACKGROUND: To the patients with severe dysfunctioncombined with muscular atrophy and joint contraction, pharma-cotherapy almost has no effect. So while pharmacotherapy is given,the positive care intervention has good effect on functional recoveryof patients.

高血压患者服药依从性影响因素与对策

INTRODUCTIONThe first assembly international conference about patient' s discom-pliance suggested that patients not complying with therapy could beregarded as discompliance. Patients' non-compliance is a new topicof modern medicine. In clinical, Hypertension patients always tookdecompression drug orally and maintain small dosage after BP innormal range.

早期康复对脑梗死患者偏瘫肢体运动功能恢复的作用

BACKGROUND: Early rehabilitation can reduce the disable-ment rate of patients with stroke, which has been proved by domesticand abroad studies. Now generally speaking, early rehabilitation can beperformed after 24 hours of stroke if the vital signs are kept stable.

肿瘤自杀基因治疗研究进展

Suicide gene therapy at present is an effective therapy for tumors. The presentpaper introduces the latest advances of suicide gene therapy in aspects ofwork system, bystander effect, bisuicide gene and suicide gene combmingother therapies etc.

颅内静脉寞血栓形成循证病例报告

INTRODUCTIONDural sinus thrombosis(DST) is a seldom and special cerebrovas-cular disease in clinic, which can cause severe results such asblindness, coma and even death. Now there is no unitary treatmentplan for this special cerebrovascular disease. On the basis of re-trieving domestic and abroad documents about this disease, 3 pa-tients were given evidence-based treatment which adopted throm-bolytic therapy with urokinase continuous perfusion by artery, whichwas reported as following.

癌症长期生存患者生活质量评价及心理问题

INTRODUCTIONWith continuous development of medical technology, the number oflong-term survival of cancer patient after treatment is increasingprogressively and has developed a specialized colony, which qualityof life is paid attention day by day.

综合康复疗法治疗偏瘫后肩-手综合征60例

BACKGROUND: Shoulder-hand syndrome leads to limit ofmotor function which will cause permanent deformity of fingers,impair function of hand if it isn't treated timely. At present, therearen't effective method to shoulder-hand syndrome.

典型脑弥漫性轴索损伤的康复方法与转归l例报告

DATA OF CASEThe patient was male and married, aged 45 years old. He was a en-geneerer, which was hospitalized because hypolegia after traumacaused by traffic accident and memory was bad for half onemonth. The result of skull CT showed diffuse swelling of brainparenchyma and shrink of ventricular system. Fracture and hematomawere not seen (diagnosed as brain contusion).

绝经后骨质疏松症的激素补充治疗

INTRODUCTIONEstrin attaches importance to development of skeleton and sustain of bone quantity.Level of estrin drops significantly after mentopause and rebuilding of bone loses balance.Absorption of bone is more than synthesis of bone and losing rate rate of bone fastens.The accelerated losing of bone occurs in the period of menstrual disorder perimenopausal period. To healthy worn, losing quantity of bone accounted for 3% to 10% on first year of menopause and 6% to 14%on second and third year.It is estimated that woman will lose 50%of bone quantity of lumbar vertebrae and 30% of bone quantity of corter, which was respectively 30% and 20% in man. The loss of skeleton after menopause occurs firetly at lumbar vertebrae and spongy bone in the end of long bone, which was often combined with changes of bonne structure Generally speaking,once bone quantity drops 10%, the risk of fracture adds one time.

缺氧缺血性脑病患儿的家庭康复护理1例报告

GENERAL DATAChild, male, aged two months. The patient was diagnosed having severeasphyxia and having no breathing and heartbeat when born. And thechild was diagnosed as hypoxic-isehemic encephalopathy, hydro-cephalus and gray syndrome through B ultrasonic wave and CT com-bined with kinds of biochemical examintations after emergency treat-ment in Department of Pediatrics of our hospital. The physical exami-nation showed weakness of left body, slight astrophy of left lower limbmuscle, head deviate leftly, increasing of muscular tension of rightlower limb, both ears having no response for voice and swelling ofsliverand spleen. Function of silver: the level of Bilirubin, indirectbilirubin and direct bilirubin all increased. The patient had poor nu-trition and became thin extremely. But because of some reason thechild was not recruited in hospital and only got regular fol-low-up. Rehabilitation treatment: (1)Support of family in psychology:The family was instructed to do exercises in order to find detailed re-actions of every facet in time such as aimling, head not deviating leftand left upper limb straight. So the family can enjoy the happiness ofrehabilitation. The family should be given enough encouragement, thenwill have enough confidence to overcome any difficulty in the course oftreatment. (2) The changes of patient should be observed carefullywhen hyperbaric oxygenation was given, which included shortness ofbreath, irritability and nasal blood et al. If the above changes oc-curred, the treatment stopped. (3) Physical therapy: Child was given atouching of whole body every day and the action should be performedgentally. Results: After two months of treatment gray syndrome wascured and sliver and spleen were restored normal. After five and a halfmonths, both ears had response for voice and hearing was restorednormal after six months. When aged two and a half years, the intelli-gence and motion of limhs reached normal range and the musculartension of limhs improved slightly. The recovery was satisfactory.

中药内服配合立体动态干扰电疗仪治疗脑卒中偏瘫60侧

BACKGROUND: There were many dynamic changes in in-tensity and stimulating parts of steric and dynamic interferencecurrent, which can cause special psysiological contraction formthrough stimulating directly muscles and nerves. It also can activatealternately muscular fibers to prevent fatigue of muscle and relaxtonic muscle through electric motorpathy activating atrophic or weakmuscles.

缓解期慢性阻塞性肺疾病32侧的康复指导

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) can' t be cured completely, so enhancing rehabilitationguide in remission stage is very important to ameliorate pulmonaryfunction, delay progression of COPD and to elevate patients' livingquality.

早期功能训练提高脑卒中患者生活自理程度的作用

BACKGROUND: The routine treatment of patients with strokecan alleviate edema, decrease the size of infarction and improve re-building of blood vessel and collateral circulation, which can improveneural function on some extent but is limited very much.

脑缺血再灌注损伤对大鼠T细胞功能及细胞周期的影响

AIM:To study the effect of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/RP) injury onthe function and cycle of T cells in rat. METHODS: Using animal model ofbrain ischemia-reperfusion injury, H-TdR incorporation and flow cytometer todetect the change of T cell function and cell cycle. RESULTS: After CI/RP, the proliferation ability, clone formation rate and IL-2 production abilityof T cells of experimental group were apparently lower than those of controlgroup (P＜0.01), and it more apparent with prolonged ischemia time;with CI/RP the recovery of 3-hour group was more rapid than that of 6-hourgroup; after CI/RP injury, the proliferation cycle of T cells in each groupschanged, the cells in G0/G1 stage were more than those of control group (P＜0.01); while the cells in S + G2 + M stages were few than those of controlgroup (P＜0.01); when CI/RP, amount of cells in Go/G1 stage decreasegradually and that of cells in S +G2 +M stages increase gradual-ly. CONCLUSION: after CI/RP, the function of rat spleen T cells decreaseand the proliferation and differentiation of cells were inhibited. Early-stagereperfusion can recover damaged immune function as soon as possible.

老年期痴呆100例特点分析

BACKGROUND: Senile dementia has a severe effect on workand quality of life of old-aged people. However, there are no specialmethods and indexes for diagnosis of dementia in geratic period.

前列地尔对突发性耳聋听力恢复的效果分析

BACKGROUND: Sudden deafness means sudden unknownneural deafness, which exact cause has not been found. And theroutine treatment adopts low molecular dextran and power mixtureand usually has a long course of treatment. Alprostadil useslipo-microball as carrier and does not easily lose activity and has theproper of distributing to injured blood vessehs, so brings into fullplay in dilating blood vessels and inhibiting gathering of bloodplatelet, which is used for curing sudden deafness.

短暂性脑缺血发作磷脂水平与养血清脑颗粒相关的实验研究

AIM: To investigate the effect of transient ischemia attack(TIA) on phospho-lipid level and the effect of traditional Chinese herb - Yangxueqingnao par-ticles. METHODS: To establish the animal model of TIA in mice by injectingPeroxide through caudal vein, and then feed the mice with Yangxueqingnaoparticles in different dose. After evoking 4 times of TIA and cut off the headthe other day, then measure the level of lysophosphatidic acid(LPA), generalphospholipidin blood plasma and brain tissue. RESULTS: Score of the groupwithout treatment was 1.0±0.8, while that of group administered withYangxueqingnao particles(2 g/kg) was 0.5±0.4(P＜0.05) LPA level ofTIA mice were 6. 1:1±0.4and 2.1±1.3 and increased significantly com-pared with that of the control.This changes can be reversed by treatment as canbe seen the result 4.9±1.6. general phospholipid level of TIA mice in braintissue decreased significantly compared with that of the control as the result:(2.3±1.1) and (6.6±2.8) μmol/g, respectively. After treatment, generalphopholipid level can reach (4.3±2.0) μmol/g.CONCLUSION: LPA andgeneral phospholipid levehin blood plasma and brain tissue are abnorma] inexperimental TIA mice, but can be reversed by Yangxueqingnao particles andit can be used in treatment.

高压氧治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病39例

BACKGROUND: Hypoxic and ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) of new-born is thought as a severe disease with organ suf-fering anoxic and iscbemic injury caused by perinatal asphyxi-a. Now it is generally recognized that HIE serves as a main factorleading to the sequela of death and disableement of new-born.

老年高血压患者动态血压监测与降低致残性疾患发生的相关性

BACKGROUND: Because of requiring taking medicinelong-termly, many Patients with hypertension cannot perse-vere. Miseed taking and stopping taking without authorizationwhen blood pressure are stable or not controlled are active factorsin treatment effect. The blood pressure of some outpatients arenot controlled effectively and because of having subjectivesymptoms they hash' t changed the kind and quantity ofmedicine. The blood pressure of some patients are not controlledeffectively after taking one kind of hypotensor, otherwise doctorshasn't adjusted treatment regime such as combined medicinetreatment in time.

早期康复治疗对脑卒中偏瘫患者预后的影响

INTRODUCTIONCerebral apoplexy has high morblity, mortality, disablement rate. InChina the resident's cause of death was of cis-position in 2000 year. Incities cerebrovascular patients were 127.9%thousands, in countries115.20% thousands. All the cause of death was at the second posi-tion. One month survival rate of cerebral apoplexy was about 70% -90% ,one year survival rate was about 50% - 80%. Most survivors haddysfunction to varying degrees and they needed recovery treat-ment. Early rehabilitation' s purpose is to protect from complications,disuse syndrome and to develop normal motor reaction and motor form.

牙颌畸形正颌术后咀嚼功能锻炼

BACKGROUND: To observe effects of exercises of masticatoryfunction after orthodontic treatment of dentognathic deformity.UNIT: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Hospital,Fourth Military Medical UniversitySUBJECTS: 44 patients were investigated including 23 malesand 21 females with mean age 26. 8 years old. According to etiologyof deformity, all cases were divided into: asymmetry of mandible, 19cases; disease of condyloid process, 9 cases; stiffness of unilateraltemporomanibular joint, 6 cases; parotid arch syndrome, 5 cases;simple deviation deformity of cheek, 5 cases.

鼓膜切开置管术在儿童分泌性中耳炎听力康复中的应用

AIM: To study the role of the myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion inthe hearing rehabilitation of the children with secretory otitis media(SOM).METHODS: Myringotomy and ventilation tube insertions were performed in56 children with chronic SOM. RESULTS: The pure-tone threshold average(PTA) of six months after operation in 50 cases(91 ears) was improvedsignificantly compared with the preoperative PTA( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The effectiverate of myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion was 92. 3%. CONCLU-SION: As a therapeutic method in the hearing rehabilitation of the childrenwith chronic SOM, the myringotomy and veptilation tube insertion should beused as primary surgical therapy.

GT对颅内室管膜瘤定性诊断及功能预后评估价值

BACKGROUND: Ependymoma is a kind of tumor of centralnervous system originating from ependymal cells. Ependymal cellsare distributed at ventricle system and surface of spinal centralaqueduct. So ependymoma from corresponding regions is verycommon. But ependymoma from other regions such as cerebralcortex, cerebellar, saddle region, superior saddle region, cerebello-pontine angle isn' t rare that mighty originate from ectopicependymal cells.

社区老年患者的康复护理分析

BACKGROUND: The factors of affecting health of familypatients include not only traditional biological factors but alsopsychological, social factors, which is different from hospital in di-agnosis. The hospital generally emphasizes physical diseases ofnursing diagnosis. Helping community patients by social supportingsystem is beneficial to patients' rehabilitation.

本期继教因地思考题(答题卡参见1期第79页)

英汉康复医学词汇(5)

中国医师协会"第三届中国医师论坛"--"康复医学"专题论坛

微量元素与儿童食欲、体格发育的关系

0 引言儿童的食欲、身体发育除与膳食营养摄取、环境、心理因素、器质性疾病等有关外,还与微量元素密切相关.本文对来诊的厌食、身体矮小、体重减低的儿童检测发锌、铜、铁、钙含量,并与健康儿童进行了对比分析.

听力障碍儿童的语音和语言干预

0 引言儿童听力障碍严重地损害语言、社会发育、情绪发育和学习能力.近年来,发育行为儿科学已经开展了儿童的语音和语言治疗.因此,在临床中因听力障碍导致的语音和语言问题已引起了极大的关注.

脑性瘫痪患儿高压氧治疗疗效、病程、年龄多因素分析

0 引言应用高压氧综合治疗小儿脑性瘫痪(脑瘫)并与非高压氧治疗进行比较,同时分析病程、年龄、治疗次数等因素对疗效的影响,以指导临床治疗.

脑性瘫痪246例短疗程家庭化康复训练

0 引言已有研究表明早期对脑性瘫痪(脑瘫)相关因素的婴儿采取干预措施,对阻止异常姿势固定、强化大脑优势、降低肌肉及软组织不平衡发育,促进感觉功能的正常发展有着非常重要的意义.如何在康复治疗中对家长进行有效培训,实行家庭化康复训练,使患儿训练时间、质量得到保证,尚缺乏足够的研究.

小剂量氟哌啶醇治疗儿童抽动症

0 引言对儿童抽动症,常用氟哌啶醇进行治疗.泉州市妇幼保健院为检验此项技术的安全性和有效性特进行以下实验.

穴位埋线疗法在治疗小儿脑性瘫痪中的运用

0 引言脑性瘫痪是出生前到出生后1个月以内各种原因所致的非进行性脑损伤,主要表现为中枢性运动障碍及姿势异常.症状在婴儿时期出现,神经精神活动潜力不如大多数同龄正常小儿.由于运动功能障碍长久存在,在儿科疾病的治疗中较为棘手.在临床工作中以脏腑、经络理论为指导,采用证候分型,经络穴位埋线治疗该病患儿,并探讨其疗效作用.

综合治疗肥胖儿童阴茎短小74例体会

0 引言肥胖儿童的发生率逐年上升,伴随肥胖的男童性发育不良在不断增加,如阴茎短小、隐匿性阴茎、睾丸发育不良等,已引起医学界和家长的高度重视.如不及时治疗,会导致性腺发育不良和成年期性功能异常.

儿童功能性异常舌根音康复训练

0 引言功能性异常语音在日常生活中比较常见,据有关报道在正常人群中其发病率可达5%.一方面会因语音不清造成患者与他人的交流不便,影响患者的学习、就业、婚恋等;另一方面可造成患者严重的心理障碍,造成患者性格内向.有关功能性异常语音的康复训练在国内的报道并不多见.

抽动秽语综合征391例脑电图分析

0 引言抽动秽语综合征是儿童常见的神经精神疾病之一,其脑电图改变已见报道.为了进一步探讨本病的脑电图变化,以便观察脑功能情况.本文对1997-01/2002-08在本院确诊为抽动秽语综合征的391例患儿的脑电图资料进行了回顾性分析.

放射治疗对鼻咽癌患者听功能损害因素分析

目的:探讨放射治疗对鼻癌患者听功能的损害程度,为防治提供依据.方法:对38例鼻咽癌患者放疗前和放疗后半年、1年和3年行听诱发电位,鼓室导抗图,纯音听阈检查.正常对照组为30例健康者.结果:与放疗前比较,放疗后半年患者听功能减退明显,1～3年听觉稍有改善,但未能达到放疗前水平,此后,再次出现听功能减退现象.结论:放疗可影响鼻咽癌患者的听功能,放疗后患者的听功能呈起伏式,不可逆的损害.

酚咖片治疗癌症疼痛临床试验初步报告

目的:为推动世界卫生组织三阶梯癌症止痛计划的广泛实施,本文初步考察酚咖片(加合百服咛)治疗癌症疼痛的有效性及安全性.方法:从1997-06/1999-05利用多中心研究方法,应用酚咖片治疗126例癌痛患者(轻、中、重度癌痛者分别为36、60、30例).结果:酚咖片对轻、中、重度癌痛的总有效率分别为89%、50%、33%;起效时间分别为(24±6)、(39±18)、(45±26)min,缓解时间分别为(6.5±1.7)、(4.8±1.5)、(3.1±1.1)h,4 h后酚咖片追加率分别为14%,75%及100%.副反应恶心呕吐、头晕、过敏反应发生率分别为5.6%、2.4%及0.8%,1例(0.8%)可能出现药物耐受现象.结论:临床试验初步结果表明,酚咖片治疗癌痛的适应证是轻度癌痛,对部分中度癌痛患者也有较好的效果.由于病例数偏少等原因,尚需进一步验证治疗癌病患者的有效性及安全性.

认知行为干预与肺癌化疗治疗管理的相关性

目的:评估认知行为干预对肺癌患者化疗治疗管理中的影响作用,以提高肺癌患者的认知行为能力,以佳状态配合化疗.方法:运用SPDDQ社会心理疾病诊断问卷方法对106例非人组肺癌病例作为对照组.结果:干预组与对照组在对疾病的认知率、行为方式提高率分别为84.1%和92.5%,经统计学处理均有显著意义.结论:实施认知行为干预能提高肺癌化疗患者的适应行为、纠正患者对疾病的态度,改善患者的情绪,提高生活质量.故认知行为干预与肺癌的化疗治疗管理呈正相关.

自控硬膜外镇痛与心理辅助治疗对胰腺癌患者止痛效果分析

目的:观察自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)与心理辅助治疗对胰腺癌患者止痛效果.方法:应用自控镇痛泵以持续给药+追加量模式作PCEA镇痛,同时做心理治疗进行止痛,对患者进行疼痛评估.结果:PCEA止痛效果确切,所有病例疼痛明显缓解.心理治疗止痛效果不明显.结论:胰腺癌患者使用PCEA可有效止痛;心理辅助治疗对剧痛的缓解无效.

连续硬膜外腔输注复合芬太尼贴剂在癌痛治疗中的应用

0 引言据Sonica统计,50%～70%癌症患者伴有不同程度的疼痛,其中以恶性肿瘤直接浸润或转移引起者多.连续硬膜外腔阻滞是一种主要以顽固性晚期癌痛的治疗方案,适于颈部到骶部脊神经分布区的癌痛,是当前公认较为满意的方法.

脑干听觉诱发电位在后颅凹肿瘤手术中对听功能损伤的监测意义

0 引言脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP),已被临床证明其对听觉通路的轻微损伤的确非常敏感[1].在后颅凹肿瘤手术中采用BAEP进行监护,能否及时发现和纠正术中创伤引起的脑干和听功能损害,避免致残率,本文对此进行观察.

用口腔矫治器治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征

0 引言阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructive sleep apnea sys-drome,OSAS),表现为睡眠打鼾和日间极度嗜睡,影响患者的生活质量和社会接受性.本文探讨采用口腔矫形治疗OSAS的可行性及疗效.

社区原发性高血压患病情况流行病学调查

0 引言世界卫生组织高血压控制专家委员会建议把高血压的控制作为减少心血管疾病危险因素的全球性综合策略的一部分,提出高血压综合防治应达到降低全人群尤其是高血压易患人群发生高血压的危险及积极治疗和控制具有心血管疾病危险因素的高血压患者的目标.本院于2000/2001在广州市大新街社区的20岁以上的居民中,进行了原发性高血压患病情况的流行病学调查.

心肌梗死患者拒绝卧床的归因分析及干预

0 引言由于医学知识缺乏等原因,心肌梗死患者有可能出现拒绝卧床休息的情况.准确地对发生这种情况的原因进行分析,可以更有效地制定相应的护理干预措施.

长沙市社区居民血压、年龄及性别与心电图相关性分析

目的:探讨社区居民年龄、性别、血压与心电图异常的关系.方法:1997年在长沙市开福区对该地区人群819例(其中男377例、女442例)进行了心脑血管病的调查,并对心电图进行了临床诊断分析.结果:高血压病者心电图异常事(64.9%)显著高于血压正常者(35.1%)(P＜0.005),老年人心电图异常率(57.4%)显著高于中青年人(47.8%)(P＜0.01)、且老年女性(63.4%)显著高于老年男性(50.9%)(P＜0.025),随年龄增大,心电图异常率逐渐增高.结论:心电图异常与年龄、性别及血压关系密切.

急性心肌梗死患者早期康复治疗85例

0 引言现代康复医学认为,任何疾病发作之时,康复治疗即应开始.对于单纯无合并症急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者的早期康复治疗并不增加病死率及并发症的出现,且能加快患者体力和心理的康复,这一点是没有任何药物可替代的.

β受体阻滞剂对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者生活质量的影响

0 引言慢性充血性心力衰竭改善心功能等治疗很重要,但药物对生存质量的影响也非常重要.在心力衰竭患者中,肾素、血管紧张素和交感神经系统被激活促使患者病情恶化.本院通过在心力衰竭患者中应用β受体阻滞剂--倍它乐克,观察β受体阻滞剂对心力衰竭患者运动耐重及生存质量的影响.

人血管生成素-1和血管内皮生长因子VEGF165腺病毒载体构建

目的:克隆人血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor165,VEGF165)和血管生成素-1(angiopoiettin-1)的全长编码基因,构建表达该基因的复制缺陷型腺病毒载体Ad-Ang1和Ad-VEGF165.方法:通过RT-PCR方法克隆人VEGF165和Ang1全长编码基因.Ad-VEGF165和Ad-Ang1通过同源重组方法构建.将Ad-VEGF165和/或Ad-Ang1转染大鼠胚胎心脏成肌细胞(H9C2)24 h后,Western blot方法分析VEGF165和Ang1蛋白表达量;核酸电泳分析细胞基因组降解检测凋亡水平.结果:测序显示VEGF165序列与基因库序列相同;Ang1序列与基因库序列存在一个碱基的差异,但编码氨基酸无改变.VEGF165和Ang1蛋白表达分别为对照组的11.65倍和3.53倍.Ad-VEGF165和/或Ad-Ang1转染后的H9C2细胞对过氧化氢诱导的细胞凋亡具有明显的抵抗能力.结论:所构建的Ad-Ang1和Ad-VEGF165能有效转染心脏成肌细胞,表达出功能性目的蛋白,具有抗细胞凋亡作用.

新的乳癌基因标记可预测患者存活期(8)

美公布新致癌物17种(9)

我国心脏外科发展的十大趋势(10)

体重超标易中风(11)

海洛因依赖者免疫功能变化的研究

目的:研究海洛因依赖者免疫功能的变化及机制.方法:采用APAAP法、3HTdR掺入法,检测50例海洛因依赖者外周血T细胞亚群、IL-2R+细胞数和白介素-2(Interleukin-2,IL-2)水平;采用红细胞C3b受体花环(RBC-C3bRR)、红细胞免疫复合物花环(RBC-ICR)、粘附增强因子活性(RFER)及抑制因子活性(RFIR)试验,观察海洛因依赖者红细胞免疫功能的变化.结果:海洛因依赖者外周血T细胞总数(56.6±3.4)、IL-2R+细胞教(15.0±4.2)及血清IL-2水平(33±7)与对照组比较显著降低(P＜0.01),而CD4+细胞(40.5±3.2)和CD4+/CD4+比值(1.65±0.18)与对照组比较显著升高(P＜0.01).海洛因依赖者RBC-C3bRR(15.3±2.1)、RFER(71.4±8.5)与对照组比较明显下降(P＜0.01),而RBC-ICR(4.8±1.2)、RFIR(28.1±4.7)与对照组比较显著则明显升高(P＜0.01).结论:长期吸食海洛因可降低人体免疫功能.

甲基苯丙胺类混合物滥用人群情况调查

0 引言苯丙胺类物质是一组具有类似化学结构的中枢神经系统兴奋剂,甲基苯丙胺(ICE)和亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺(MDMA,俗称"摇头丸")是其中常被滥用的物质[1].为了解北京地区MDMA的滥用情况,将本院住院MDMA滥用者的滥用情况做一调查.

莨菪碱合并镇静剂与美沙酮治疗海洛因依赖疗效观察

0 引言大量的文献报道,东莨菪碱合并镇静剂对海洛依赖者有脱毒作用,本文就这种疗法的疗效进行探讨.

急性海洛因中毒的原因分析

0 引言在临床上海洛因急性中毒病例时有发生,现就海洛因中毒的原因分析及救治方法作介绍,以供参考.

糖尿病周围神经病变的电生理检测

目的:探讨电生理检测对糖尿病周围神经病的诊断意义.方法:对100例糖尿病患者测定正中神经肘→腕运动神经传导速度、波幅,指1→腕感觉神经传导速度、波幅.尺神经肘→腕运动神经传导速度、波幅,指5→腕感觉神经传导速度、波幅.胫后神经腘→踝运动神经传导速度、波幅,趾1→踝感觉神经传导速度、波幅.腓总神经膝→踝运动神经传导速度、波幅.腓肠神经外踝→腓肠点感觉神经传导速度及波幅.结果:糖尿病周围神经病以轴索及髓鞘同时受损多见,在四肢各神经中,感觉神经传导速度减慢及波幅降低较多见,复合肌肉动作电位波幅降低次之,而运动神经传导速度受累较少见.结论:神经电生理检查对糖尿病周围神经病诊断具有重要意义.

半导体激光照射糖尿病性周围神经病血流变学内皮素影响

目的:寻找治疗糖尿病性周围神经变的物理治疗方法,并观察血液流变学、血脂、内皮素的变化.方法:采用低强度半导体激光血管内照射Ⅱ型糖尿病患者24例,并与常规药物组进行对照.观察组在常规药物治疗的基础上采用上海寿康实业公司生产K1-151型半导激光血管内照射治疗仪,波长650 nn,输出功率3～3.5 MW.取上肢正中静脉或贵要静脉为穿刺部位,常规消毒后,将专用一次性光针刺入血管导入激光照射针,在照射部出现红色光斑,照射60min,1次/d,共照射10次.结果:两组有效率比较P＜0.01,差异有非常显著性.治疗后两组全血黏度高低切变值、血浆黏度、总胆固醇水平均有明显改善,P＜0.05.观察组血沉及甘油酯有明显下降,与常规组比较,血浆黏度和总胆固改善更明显,P＜0.05.治疗后,对照组患者血浆中内皮素水平有所降低,但治疗前后差异无显著性,P＞0.05.而观察组有显著降低,P＜0.01.结论:低强度半导激光血管内照射是治疗糖尿病及并发症的一种有效物理治疗手段.

糖尿病康复中自我监测的现状调查

0 引言自我监测是糖尿病康复治疗中的重要措施之一,是实现血糖控制达标、有效防治糖尿病急慢性并发症的必要保障[1-2].自我监测的目的是让患者及其家属亲自参与糖尿病治疗,和医生共同努力,为实现治疗目标而努力.为掌握糖尿病康复中自我监测的现况,对糖尿病患者进行了随机询问式调查.

2型糖尿病患者并发周围神经病变的影响因素分析

目的:探讨影响2型糖尿病患者并发周围神经病变的多种因素.方法:测定339例2型糖尿病患者的感觉、运动神经的传导速度、动作电位的波幅及潜伏期,根据结果分为正常、异常、可疑3组,分别对年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、体重指数(BMI)、空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h BG)、C-肽、空腹胰岛素等进行回顾性临床分析.结果:年龄、病程、FBG和BMI等因素在3组间有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:2型糖尿病患者并发周围神经病变是多因素作用的结果.

对糖尿病患者实施运动疗法的护理体会

0 引言运动疗法是指糖尿病患者长期规律的运动锻炼,是糖尿病的基本治疗方法之一.正确掌握运动疗法及其前后的护理已成为广大糖尿病患者的迫切需要.文章总结了1998/2000糖尿病患者开展运动疗法的效果及护理体会.

偏倚对系统评价质量的影响

系统评价被认为是当前提供治疗性干预的佳证据,但是由于无法全面获得相关的研究资料,仍然不可避免的存在偏倚.偏倚的类型主要包括文献发表性偏倚、文献查寻偏倚和文献筛选偏倚,其中难克服的是文献发表性偏倚.偏倚评估的方法常用漏斗图,控制方法包括预先注册临床试验、发布研究信息、系统评价时全面收集所有发表和未发表的临床试验.

临床试验与临床试验中心

临床试验指的是在人体进行的药物或其他干预措施的研究,其目的是确定式验用药品或其他干预措施的疗效与安全性.由于其对象是人,试验中不可避免地涉及社会、心理、伦理和可行性等复杂问题.世界各国已共同认识到必须推行规范化的临床试验,才能保证研究工作的客观、科学和高效.其核心问题就是:既要考虑到以人为对象的特殊性与复杂性,又要保证实验研究的科学性.根据临床科研设计的要求,临床试验应遵循随机化、设立对照、盲法、符合伦理道德等原则.中国临床试验存在的问题是:存在发表偏倚,中国的临床试验尤其是中医药领域的试验得不到国际承认,中国缺乏国际认可的临床试验中心,在随机临床试验的设计、进行、管理和监测、报告等方面存在问题,临床试验的技术方法与质量有待提高.中国循证医学中心正对以往的中文医学文献进行手工检索以建立临床试验数据库,为系统评价和卫生技术评估奠定基础.我国临床研究的水平尚有待提高,应尽可能采用随机对照实验或双盲设计,多中心、大规模的协作研究值得提倡.介绍临床试验的定义和特点、中国临床试验发展的历史、药物临床试验的分期、临床试验管理规范、临床试验研究存在的问题和注意事项等.还介绍了临床试验中心的定义、背景、目标与任务和提供的服务.

提高国内随机对照试验Meta-分析的质量

高质量的随机对照试验(RCT)的Meta-分析结果与国际公认的大样本RCT结果一起被各国列为高等级的证据,可为临床实践和卫生决策提供更真实的科学依据,引导临床医师在实践中做出正确的决策.但质量差的Meta-分析反而可能导致错误的结论.国外Meta-分析方法的应用已趋于成熟和规范.然而目前国内由于应用时间不长,且缺乏统一规范的实施标准,文献质量参差不齐,很多方面还存在着较为严重的缺陷.探讨如何提高国内RCTMeta-分析的质量,尽快与国际接轨,以便为循证医学、药学提供更科学真实的证据.以进行RCT Meta-分析的步骤为线索,对国内Meta-分析存在的问题和解决的办法进行了综述.具体内容包括:提出一个好问题(研究目的),全面收集相关的RCT,制定严格的纳入/排除标准,正确提取数据资料,对符合纳入标准的RCT进行质量评价,应用正确的统计方法,必须进行敏感性分析,根据结果做出正确、全面的结论.一篇理想的RCT Meta-分析应当纳入当前所有的高质量的同质研究,无发表偏倚,使用正确的模型和统计学方法,并对结果做出全面的论述.也就是说只有尽量满足进行Meta-分析每一步所需的条件,才能逐步提高Meta-分析的质量,使得其结论更加科学,可靠.

卫生系统重大科研课题终审标书在设计方面的共性问题

为了解卫生研究课题申请书中在设计方面的现状,采用临床医学科研方法学的方法与原则,对卫生系统重大科研课题的终审标书进行了系统评价.结果发现以下一些共性问题:在病因学研究中,存在部分设计方案论证强度较低,纳入分析的指标过多等问题;对于诊断学研究则存在缺乏明确的诊断标准,没有重复性分析;对于治疗性研究,部分存在假的随机分组,以及样本量计算缺乏依据等问题;而在部分预后研究中缺乏质量控制措施等.部分标书质量在方法学方面有待进一步提高.

如何从应用循证医学证据角度检索证据

循证医学实践的终目的是为处理临床问题提供佳证据,因此如何从实践应用的角度获得佳证据是重要的问题之一.作者从实际应用的角度提出了两种检索证据的方案,一是定购有Cochrane图书馆光盘的读者可直接从光盘中查询Cochrane图书馆的系统评价全文和摘要,二是没有定购Cochrane图书馆光盘的读者可从一些网站查询Cochrane图书馆的系统评价摘要和其他证据.若按上述方法不能得到满意的结果,对此提出了扩展检索方案.

Meta-分析在临床神经病学中的应用

Meta-分析应用在临床神经病学体系中,在神经疾病病因及预防方面,可以定量评价危险因素与神经疾病之间的联系强度,为神经疾病的预防措施和对策的制定提供依据;在神经疾病治疗方面,Meta-分析的应用为神经科医生如何进行选择佳的治疗方法提供了依据;在神经疾病的康复方面,通过Meta-分析可为因神经系统疾病造成的残损、残障、残废患者提供有效的物理、作业、运动或言语治疗等康复手段,大限度地减轻残疾的程度,改善患者的生活质量,使之适应社会和家庭环境,达到重返社会的目的.

循证医学中统计指标的正确应用

循证医学实践包括提供证据(创造证据)和证据的应用,提供证据的研究人员(doer)应能正确选用有关的统计方法,证据的应用者(user)应能认识某研究证据中所使用的统计方法,以此推断其结果的可靠性.因此,理解有关的统计方法,对循证医学的研究者和应用者均是重要的内容.介绍循证医学中的常用统计指标,如OR(比值比,oddsratio)、RR(相对危险度,relative risk)、RRR(相对危险度减少率,rela-tive risk reduction)、ARR(绝对危险度减少率,absolute risk reduction)、NNT(需要处理的患者数,number needed to treat)等的意义和用途,并着重介绍了这些指标的可信区间计算方法、用途和意义,可以供循证医学研究者参考.

循证医学与临床实践

目前循证医学方法学已广泛应用于临床医疗实践,指导、制定临床各科疾病的治疗方案,评价药物、治疗方案的有效性、适用性,以及为政府部门制定卫生政策、新药的研究、开发评价提供证据,并已形成了许多相关学科.介绍循证医学对临床医疗、中医药发展和药学研究的影响及其临床指导作用,提倡在临床医疗实践中,充分应用循证医学的原则与方法,为临床、科研、卫生决策、医学教育提供佳证据,并应用佳证据指导临床决策.