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以代谢差异的视角看待胆固醇合成吸收标志检测的必要性
血脂异常是体内脂质代谢紊乱的临床表现,可导致冠心病、缺血性脑卒中、外周动脉粥样硬化等疾病.丰富的循证医学依据证实,胆固醇升高是引发冠心病的罪魁祸首,是血脂干预的首要目标.据第二次中国临床血脂控制状况多中心协作研究组调查显示,按照2007年<中国成人血脂异常防治指南>血脂控制总达标率仅为50%,而极高危组达标率仅为38%~([1]).
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我国儿科临床科学研究的现状与思考
Various definitions have been given to the term "scientific research". It is described as " pursuing truth and exploring knowledge", " critical thinking to develop knowledge", or " collection, synthesis, and analysis of information" . In China, the Ministry of Education proposed that scientific research is to "promote and apply knowledge to invent new techniques and provide creative work". Based on the definitions given above, we describe scientific research as " to explore what we do not know, and to collect, analyze, distinguish, apply, and evaluate what we have known". It is characterized by innovation and non-replication, which involve discontinued and complicated exploration. According to this definition, medical scientific research is therefore defined as investigating the nature of human life and rules of illness, as well as seeking methods to prevent and treat diseases, and improve people's health.
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Synthesis of4-aminoantipyrine Schiff bases and their antimicrobial activities
Various compounds of 4-aminoantipyrine Schiff bases (M1-M12) were synthesized via a condensation reaction of 4-aminoantipyrine with different benzaldehydes through a conventional method of refluxing the mixture for 3-4 h.The synthesized Schiffbases were characterized bY using elemental analyses,FT-IR,UV-Vis,Mass,1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy.The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized Schiff bases was investigated against 12 bacterial strains (Mycobacterium smegmatis,Bacillus cereus,Bacillus subtilis,Enterococcus faecalis,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Klebsiella pneumonia,Escherichia coli,Enterobacter cloacae,Klebsiella oxytoca,Proteus vulgaris,Enterobacter aerogenes,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa),and antifungal activities were tested against seven fungal strains (Aspergillus flavus,Aspergillus carbonarious,Aspergillus parasiticus,Aspergillus fumigatus,Aspergillus niger,Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum).The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compounds were compared with standard streptomycin and nalidixic acid.The results obtained from antibacterial assay indicated that M1-M12 inhibited potential growth of Proteus vulgaris with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 15.6-250 μg/mL compared with the standard nalidixic acid with an MIC of 500 μg/mL.Moreover,we could conclude that most of the tested compounds experienced mild to low activities at 15.6 μg/mL.Their activities could be attributed to their low concentration s.The antifungal analysis showed that the tested fungi were not sensitive to the prepared Schiffbases at the prepared concentration of 500 tg/mL.Therefore,we recommended further analysis on both cytotoxicity and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) to ascertain their potential effects against human cells.
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Synthesis,characterization and biological activities of Schiff bases derived from 2-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzaldehyde
Four novel Schiff bases were synthesized by the condensation reaction of 2-hydroxyl-3-nitrobenzaldehyde with either benzothiazoles or benzimidazolamines.The compounds 1-4 were characterized by spectroscopic and analytical methods.The crystal structures of 6-methoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine and compound 2 are reported only.The 6-methoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine was found to crystallize in the orthorhombic crystal system in the space group Pbca,having eight molecules in the unit cell,while compound 2 was found to crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system in the space group P21/c.The biological activities of these compounds were investigated by evaluating their antibacterial,antifungal,antimalarial,anti-HIV and anti-trypanosomiasis activities.These compounds displayed very interesting antibacterial,antifungal,antimalarial,anti-trypanosomiasis,anti-HIV and low cytotoxicity activity against HeLa cells.
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非甲状腺性病态患者手术后甲状腺激素的治疗:系统文献回顾和分析
一些外科大手术经常引起与原发性下丘脑、垂体和甲状腺疾病无关的可逆性血清T3水平降低.这种改变究竟是适应机体变化减少蛋白分解代谢还是表明甲状腺激素缺乏,尚存在争议.
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帕司烟肼的合成
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4'-溴甲基-2-联苯甲酸叔丁酯的制备
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Liguzinediol的合成
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腺苷中6-甲胺基杂质的发现与合成
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2-(3-羧甲基-4-苯硫基苯基)丙酸的制备
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4-氨基-3-氯苯酚的制备
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(S)-1-氯乙酰基-2-氰基吡咯烷的合成
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2-(苯硫基)乙胺的合成
ABT-263是由雅培制药(Abbott Laboratories)研发的一种可诱导细胞凋亡的小分子:Bcl-2抑制剂,口服安全,对小细胞肺癌和急性淋巴细胞性白血病有效~([1]),可作为研究Bcl-2抑制剂的阳性对照物.
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阿魏酸乙酯的一锅法合成
阿魏酸乙酯(ethyl ferulate,1),即3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-2-丙烯酸乙酯,其抑制血栓形成、调节机体免疫功能、清除和抑制自由基反应效用较阿魏酸更强~([1]),在医药、保健品、化妆品原料和食品添加剂等方面用途广泛.
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2-(1-咪唑基)乙胺的合成
2.(1.咪唑基)乙胺(1)是重要的药物中间体,如具有抑制γ-分泌酶作用的N-烷基磺胺类药物~([1])、具有多种药学活性的含氮稠杂环类~([2])和具有抗疟作用的Famesyl蛋白转移酶抑制剂都含有该结构片段~([3]).
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雷贝拉唑钠的合成
雷贝拉唑钠(rabeprazole sodium,1),化学名为2-[[[4-(3-甲氧基丙氧基)-3-甲基-2-吡啶基]-甲基]亚磺酰基]-1H-苯并咪唑钠盐,由日本卫材开发,1998年首次在日本上市,临床用于治疗十二指肠与胃溃疡、反流性食管炎等消化系统疾病.
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氯铝酸咪唑离子液体催化法合成4,4'-二氟二苯甲酮
4,4'-二氟二苯甲酮(1)是重要的医药和化工中间体,可用于合成强效脑血管扩张药氟桂利嗪(flunarizine)及中枢兴奋药阿米三嗪(almitrine)等,可由氟苯与光气直接酰化缩合制得,收率66%,但含有25%的副产物2,4'-二氟二苯甲酮~[1,2].
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苄星头孢匹林的合成
苄星头孢匹林(cefapirin benzathine,1),化学名为(6R,7R)-3-[(乙酰氧基)甲基]-8-氧代-7-[(4-吡啶基硫基)乙酰胺基]-5-硫杂-1-氮杂二环[4.2.0]辛-2-烯-2-羧酸N,N'-二苄基乙二胺(2:1),是头孢匹林的胺盐复合物,主要用作兽药,用于治疗奶牛的乳腺炎和子宫内膜炎等1,2.美国药典(USP)31版有收载.
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免疫抑制因子IL-10在肝脏疾病中的研究进展
1989年Fiorentio等发现小鼠活化的TH2细胞产生的一种活性物质,后来证明是一种糖蛋白,可抑制TH1细胞的激活和细胞因子的产生,将其命名为细胞合成抑制因子(cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor,CSIF),后改称为白细胞介素-10(interleukin-10,IL-10).
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Targeting Mnk/eIF4E Signaling for Cancer Therapy
The synthesis of many oncognic proteins such as c-Myc, VEGF, ODC, cyclin D1, HIF-1 and Mcl-1 are regulated by cap-dependent translational mechanism because the mRNAs of these genes possess long and highly structured 5' untranshted regions (5'UTRs).